Antraoui Ilyas, Guesmi Ahlem, El Malki Mohamed, Hamadi Naoufel Ben, El-Fattah Wesam Abd, Khettabi Ali, Zaky Zaky A
Laboratory of Materials, Waves, Energy and Environment, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, 60000, Oujda, Morocco.
Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 5701, 11432, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 14;15(1):25434. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-09872-5.
Respiratory system problems are often exacerbated by the inhalation of hazardous airborne gases, making early and accurate gas detection critical for health and environmental safety. This study addresses this issue by proposing a novel, high-performance acoustic gas sensor based on a parallel Helmholtz resonator system integrated with a waveguide defect. The core objective is to enhance gas detection sensitivity through an efficient, low-cost design. Analytical modeling using the transfer matrix method and Sylvester's theorem reveals that altering the geometry of an air-filled unit cell enables precise control over low-frequency acoustic wave filtering. Introducing a defect in the system creates a localized resonant mode within the acoustic band gap, which is tunable by modifying defect length and cross-section. Replacing the air in the resonator with different gas samples demonstrates the sensor's capability, as a strong linear relationship is observed between sound speed and resonance frequency. This ensures consistent detection sensitivity across various gases. The sensor achieves a sensitivity of 0.88 Hz s m, a figure of merit of 8.8 × 10 s m, an exceptionally high-quality factor of 3.0 × 10, and a detection limit as low as 5.7 × 10 y m/s. These findings confirm the sensor's potential for accurate, efficient gas detection relevant to respiratory health, offering significant advantages over conventional, more complex systems.
呼吸系统问题常常因吸入有害空气传播气体而加剧，这使得早期准确的气体检测对于健康和环境安全至关重要。本研究通过提出一种基于集成了波导缺陷的平行亥姆霍兹谐振器系统的新型高性能声学气体传感器来解决这一问题。核心目标是通过高效、低成本的设计提高气体检测灵敏度。使用传输矩阵法和西尔维斯特定理的分析建模表明，改变空气填充单元的几何形状能够精确控制低频声波滤波。在系统中引入缺陷会在声子带隙内产生局部共振模式，该模式可通过修改缺陷长度和横截面来调节。用不同气体样本替换谐振器中的空气展示了该传感器的能力，因为在声速和共振频率之间观察到了很强的线性关系。这确保了对各种气体的检测灵敏度一致。该传感器实现了0.88 Hz s/m的灵敏度、8.8×10 s/m的品质因数、高达3.0×10的极高品质因数以及低至5.7×10 y m/s的检测限。这些发现证实了该传感器在与呼吸健康相关的准确、高效气体检测方面的潜力，相对于传统的更复杂系统具有显著优势。
