Stonawski Valeska, Sasse Lena, Derks Laura, Moll Gunther H, Kratz Oliver, Legenbauer Tanja, Horndasch Stefanie
Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, LWL University Hospital Hamm for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ruhr University Bochum, Hamm, Germany.
Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2025 Jul 14;19(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s13034-025-00939-9.
Body dissatisfaction (BD) is a risk factor for and a maintaining factor of Anorexia nervosa (AN). Furthermore, BD is associated with depressive symptoms. Body exposure (BE) was found to be an effective intervention for reducing BD. The current study aimed to investigate similarities and differences in BD between patients with AN and depressive symptoms and the efficacy of a computerized BE in those adolescents.
We compared adolescents with AN (n = 36) to adolescents with depression and high body dissatisfaction (n = 21; DBD group). BD was assessed with questionnaires; valence ratings were obtained for different body parts. Emotion ratings and gaze patterns towards the own body were assessed during each session via rating scales and eye-tracking.
Satisfaction with several body parts increased and anxiety and disgust decreased throughout the intervention in both groups, with no significant differences between them. An attentional bias towards the three most unattractive body parts was found, expressed via longer viewing times; however, it was not modified by the BE intervention.
The similarities between adolescents with AN and highly body dissatisfied ones with depression in terms of BD, emotional reactions to and gaze patterns on one's own body suggest a transdiagnostic phenomenon of BD. The results suggest that a computer-based BE is an effective intervention for reducing BD.
The study was pre-registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien; DRKS), ID number DRKS00024675.
身体意象不满（BD）是神经性厌食症（AN）的一个风险因素和维持因素。此外，BD与抑郁症状相关。已发现身体暴露（BE）是减轻BD的一种有效干预措施。本研究旨在调查患有AN和抑郁症状的患者在BD方面的异同，以及计算机化BE对这些青少年的疗效。
我们将患有AN的青少年（n = 36）与患有抑郁症且身体意象高度不满的青少年（n = 21；DBD组）进行了比较。用问卷评估BD；获得不同身体部位的效价评分。在每个疗程中，通过评分量表和眼动追踪评估对自身身体的情绪评分和注视模式。
两组在整个干预过程中对几个身体部位的满意度增加，焦虑和厌恶感降低，两组之间无显著差异。发现对三个最不具吸引力的身体部位存在注意偏向，表现为注视时间更长；然而，BE干预并未改变这种情况。
患有AN的青少年与身体意象高度不满且患有抑郁症的青少年在BD、对自身身体的情绪反应和注视模式方面的相似性表明BD存在一种跨诊断现象。结果表明，基于计算机的BE是减轻BD的一种有效干预措施。
该研究已在德国临床试验注册中心（Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien；DRKS）进行预注册，注册号为DRKS00024675。
