Liu S K, Gao W J, Cao W H, Lyu J, Yu C Q, Wang S F, Huang T, Sun D J Y, Liao C X, Pang Y J, Gao R Q, Yu M, Zhou J Y, Wu X P, Dong Z, Wu F, Wang D Z, Xu Z H, Liu Y, Wang J R, Yin J, Yin S L, Li L M
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China.
Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao 266033, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2025 Jul 6;59(7):1090-1096. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240726-00603.
This study aims to describe the population and regional distribution characteristics of smoking behavior among adult twins in the China Twin Registry (CNTR), as well as the concordance rates for smoking behavior in monozygotic and dizygotic twins, and estimate the heritability. The study population included adult twins in CNTR who had smoking questionnaire data. A random-effects regression model was used to describe the distribution of smoking behavior among different subgroups based on various characteristics. The concordance of smoking behavior between different zygosity groups was calculated, and heritability was estimated. A total of 28 444 twin pairs were included in this study, with an average age of (36.6±12.0) years. Among male twins, 41.2% were current smokers, while only 1.2% of females smoked. Higher smoking rates were observed among male smokers in the 50-59 age group (23.0, <0.001), northern regions (2.9, <0.01), rural areas (-5.2, <0.001), those who were divorced/widowed (3.8, <0.001), and first-born twins (-4.3, <0.001), while lower smoking rates were found in those with higher education (-16.1, <0.001) and unmarried individuals (-16.0, <0.001). The smoking concordance rate for male monozygotic twins was 69.6%, significantly higher than the 57.3% concordance rate for dizygotic twins (=105.0, <0.05). The heritability of smoking behavior in male twins was estimated at 28.9% (95%: 24.3%-33.4%). Stratified analyses showed differences in heritability across regions and age groups: the heritability in northern regions was 32.6% (95%: 27.3%-38.0%), higher than the 21.0% (95%: 12.4%-29.5%) observed in southern regions; the highest heritability of 35.1% (95%: 26.3%-43.9%) was found in the 18-29 age group, with heritability decreasing with age. In conclusion, the smoking rate and influencing factors in the twin population are similar to those in the general population, with unique characteristics, such as higher smoking rates in first-born twins. Genetic factors have a significant impact on smoking behavior.
本研究旨在描述中国双胞胎登记系统（CNTR）中成年双胞胎吸烟行为的人群和区域分布特征，以及同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎吸烟行为的一致率，并估计遗传度。研究人群包括CNTR中拥有吸烟问卷调查数据的成年双胞胎。采用随机效应回归模型，根据不同特征描述不同亚组吸烟行为的分布情况。计算不同合子类型组间吸烟行为的一致性，并估计遗传度。本研究共纳入28444对双胞胎，平均年龄为（36.6±12.0）岁。在男性双胞胎中，41.2%为当前吸烟者，而女性吸烟者仅占1.2%。50 - 59岁年龄组的男性吸烟者中吸烟率较高（23.0，<0.001），北方地区（2.9，<0.01）、农村地区（-5.2，<0.001）、离婚/丧偶者（3.8，<0.001）以及头胎双胞胎（-4.3，<0.001）的吸烟率也较高，而受过高等教育者（-16.1，<0.001）和未婚者（-16.0，<0.001）的吸烟率较低。男性同卵双胞胎的吸烟一致率为69.6%，显著高于异卵双胞胎的57.3%的一致率（=105.0，<0.05）。男性双胞胎吸烟行为的遗传度估计为28.9%（95%：24.3% - 33.4%）。分层分析显示，不同区域和年龄组的遗传度存在差异：北方地区的遗传度为32.6%（95%：27.3% - 38.0%），高于南方地区观察到的21.0%（95%：12.4% - 29.5%）；18 - 29岁年龄组的遗传度最高，为35.1%（95%：26.3% - 43.9%），且遗传度随年龄增长而降低。总之，双胞胎人群中的吸烟率及影响因素与一般人群相似，但具有独特特征例如头胎双胞胎吸烟率较高。遗传因素对吸烟行为有显著影响。
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