Piltingsrud H V, Gels G L
Health Phys. 1985 Nov;49(5):805-24. doi: 10.1097/00004032-198511000-00013.
To better understand the dose equivalent (D.E.) rates produced by airborne releases of gaseous positron-emitting radionuclides under various conditions of cloud size, a study of the external radiation exposure dosimetry of these radionuclides, as well as negatron, gamma and x-ray emitting 133Xe, was undertaken. This included a calculation of the contributions to D.E. as a function of cloud radii, at tissue depths of 0.07 mm (skin), 3 mm (lens of eye) and 10 mm (whole body) from both the particulate and photon radiations emitted by these radionuclides. Estimates of maximum permissible concentration (MPC) values were also calculated based on the calculated D.E. rates and current regulations for personnel radiation protection (CFR84). Three continuous air monitors, designed for use with 133Xe, were evaluated for applications in monitoring air concentrations of the selected positron emitters. The results indicate that for a given radionuclide and for a cloud greater than a certain radius, personnel radiation dosimeters must respond acceptably to only the photon radiations emitted by the radionuclide to provide acceptable personnel dosimetry. For clouds under that radius, personnel radiation dosimeters must also respond acceptably to the positron or negatron radiations to provide acceptable personnel dosimetry. It was found that two out of the three air concentration monitors may be useful for monitoring air concentrations of the selected positron emitters.
为了更好地理解在各种云团大小条件下气态正电子发射放射性核素的大气释放所产生的剂量当量（D.E.）率，对这些放射性核素以及发射负电子、伽马射线和X射线的133Xe的外照射剂量测定进行了研究。这包括计算在组织深度为0.07毫米（皮肤）、3毫米（晶状体）和10毫米（全身）时，这些放射性核素发射的粒子辐射和光子辐射对剂量当量的贡献与云团半径的函数关系。还根据计算出的剂量当量率和现行人员辐射防护法规（CFR84）计算了最大允许浓度（MPC）值。对设计用于监测133Xe的三个连续空气监测器进行了评估，以用于监测选定正电子发射体的空气浓度。结果表明，对于给定的放射性核素和大于一定半径的云团，人员辐射剂量计必须仅对放射性核素发射的光子辐射做出可接受的响应，才能提供可接受的人员剂量测定。对于半径小于该值的云团，人员辐射剂量计还必须对正电子或负电子辐射做出可接受的响应，才能提供可接受的人员剂量测定。研究发现，三个空气浓度监测器中有两个可能有助于监测选定正电子发射体的空气浓度。
