Ma Long, Chi Chunming, Lv Shuangqing, Tong Yan'an, Yang Lili
College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar, 843300, China.
Research Center of Oasis Agricultural Resources and Environment in Southern Xinjiang, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, China.
Open Life Sci. 2025 Jul 7;20(1):20251114. doi: 10.1515/biol-2025-1114. eCollection 2025.
Potassium plays an important role in improving crop growth, yield, and quality; however, choosing the right potassium fertiliser remains challenging. To determine the optimal potassium fertiliser for kiwifruit, this study investigated the effects of different potassium sources on kiwifruit yield and postharvest quality as well as plant and soil nutrient contents in an orchard in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China. Two types of potassium fertiliser were examined (KSO and KCl; total KO = 584 kg ha) at two different application stages (basal and topdressing) under the following four treatments: basal KSO + KCl topdressing, basal KSO + KSO topdressing, basal KCl + KSO topdressing, and basal KCl + KCl topdressing. The different potassium sources had no significant effect on kiwifruit yield; however, a slight increase in yield and economic gain was observed under combined treatment with KSO and KCl compared to single fertiliser treatment. Meanwhile, the single fruit weight and vitamin C content of the fruit were 7.0 and 4.6% higher under treatment with basal KSO + KCl topdressing compared with KSO treatment alone, and 3.1 and 14.9% higher compared with KCl treatment alone. Moreover, application of KCl promoted potassium and chlorine absorption by both the leaves and fruit. However, no significant differences in the content of sulphate or chloride ions in the surface soil (0-40 cm) were observed between potassium sources. In contrast, in deeper soil, the content of chloride ions was highest after KCl treatment, while that of sulphate ions was highest after KSO topdressing. Overall, these findings suggest that the most appropriate potassium source for kiwifruit production is basal application of KSO followed by KCl as topdressing in the study region.
钾在促进作物生长、提高产量和品质方面发挥着重要作用；然而，选择合适的钾肥仍然具有挑战性。为了确定猕猴桃的最佳钾肥，本研究在中国西北陕西省的一个果园中，调查了不同钾源对猕猴桃产量、采后品质以及植株和土壤养分含量的影响。在两个不同的施肥阶段（基肥和追肥），对两种钾肥（硫酸钾和氯化钾；氧化钾总量 = 584 kg·ha⁻¹）进行了以下四种处理：基肥硫酸钾 + 追肥氯化钾、基肥硫酸钾 + 追肥硫酸钾、基肥氯化钾 + 追肥硫酸钾、基肥氯化钾 + 追肥氯化钾。不同钾源对猕猴桃产量没有显著影响；然而，与单施一种肥料相比，硫酸钾和氯化钾配施处理的产量和经济效益略有增加。同时，基肥硫酸钾 + 追肥氯化钾处理的果实单果重和维生素C含量分别比单施硫酸钾处理高7.0%和4.6%，比单施氯化钾处理高3.1%和14.9%。此外，施用氯化钾促进了叶片和果实对钾和氯的吸收。然而，不同钾源处理后，表层土壤（0 - 40 cm）中硫酸根或氯离子含量没有显著差异。相反，在深层土壤中，氯化钾处理后氯离子含量最高，硫酸钾追肥后硫酸根离子含量最高。总体而言，这些结果表明，在该研究区域，猕猴桃生产最合适的钾源是基肥施用硫酸钾，随后追肥氯化钾。
