Petat Hortense, Hassel Chervin, Michel Alice, Charbonnier Camille, Plantier Jean-Christophe, Marguet Christophe
Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medecine, Univ Rouen Normandie, Dynamicure INSERM UMR 1311, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France.
Department of Virology, Univ Rouen Normandie, Dynamicure INSERM UMR 1311, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France.
BMC Pulm Med. 2025 Jul 16;25(1):342. doi: 10.1186/s12890-025-03812-9.
Preschool wheeze is a frequent infant disease, which can be severe. A continuous infection/inflammation loop at the heart of the pathophysiology is described, which could lead to a dysbiosis. In this context, the main objective of the "Microbiosthma" project is to assess whether dysbiosis of the upper and lower respiratory microbiomes could constitute a physiopathological biomarker of severe preschool wheeze in young children. This project will be divided into three parts: (i) determine the basal composition of the respiratory microbiomes (ii) monitor these microbiomes longitudinally over the course of the severe preschool wheeze, with a one-year follow-up, and (iii) assess the role of immune cell activation and inflammation in the pathogenesis of severe preschool wheeze. The "Microbiosthma" project is a bicentric, prospective study. Bronchial fibroscopy is performed on children aged < 24 months with severe preschool wheeze. One hundred infant nasopharyngeal, bronchoalveolar lavage and sputum samples will be collected over 2 years, and patients will be followed for 12 months. This collection started in September 2023. Microbiome analyses will use a metatranscriptomic approach and immunological analyses for all samples collected. For immunological analysis, key inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage samples will be measured. Host sequencing data obtained by NGS sequencing will be analysed for transcriptomic signatures of inflammatory profiles. The aim of the "Microbiosthma" project is to understand the respiratory microbiome of the physiopathological process involved in the development of severe preschool wheeze. This original project will therefore identify the nature of potential dysbiosis, the relationship between different respiratory microbiomes and the potential role of the immune system in this pathogenesis. The registration number is NCT06044051 (CCP Nord-Ouest, 07/11/2023).
学龄前喘息是一种常见的婴幼儿疾病，可能较为严重。文中描述了其病理生理学核心存在的持续感染/炎症循环，这可能导致生态失调。在此背景下，“微生物哮喘”项目的主要目标是评估上下呼吸道微生物群的生态失调是否可能构成幼儿严重学龄前喘息的生理病理生物标志物。该项目将分为三个部分：（i）确定呼吸道微生物群的基础组成；（ii）在严重学龄前喘息病程中对这些微生物群进行纵向监测，随访一年；（iii）评估免疫细胞激活和炎症在严重学龄前喘息发病机制中的作用。“微生物哮喘”项目是一项双中心前瞻性研究。对年龄小于24个月的严重学龄前喘息儿童进行支气管纤维镜检查。将在2年内收集100份婴幼儿鼻咽、支气管肺泡灌洗和痰液样本，并对患者进行12个月的随访。该样本收集于2023年9月开始。微生物组分析将采用宏转录组学方法，并对所有收集的样本进行免疫学分析。对于免疫学分析，将测量支气管肺泡灌洗样本中的关键炎症细胞因子。将分析通过NGS测序获得的宿主测序数据，以获取炎症谱的转录组特征。“微生物哮喘”项目的目的是了解严重学龄前喘息发展过程中涉及的生理病理过程的呼吸道微生物群。因此，这个原创项目将确定潜在生态失调的性质、不同呼吸道微生物群之间的关系以及免疫系统在这一发病机制中的潜在作用。注册号为NCT06044051（法国西北部临床试验中心，2023年11月7日）。
