Liang Yingni, Hu Li, Shangguan Fuliang, Tan E, Shen Jiayu, Dai Anran, Zheng Zhuolian, Su Yinhua, Li Zhongyu
School of Nursing, University of South China, No. 28, Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2025 Jul 16;17(1):275. doi: 10.1186/s13098-025-01826-1.
Women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at a significantly increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes after childbirth. However, studies on the impact of dietary factors on the postpartum endocrine metabolism of women with prior GDM, as well as the underlying mechanisms, remain relatively limited. This study aims to investigate the association and underlying pathways between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the subsequent development of type 2 diabetes in women with prior GDM, and to help identify high-risk populations.
The sample included 788 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018. Multivariate logistic regression was utilized to examine the correlation of DII with diabetes and adiposity indices, such as body mass index (BMI) and relative fat mass (RFM) in participants with prior GDM. Mediation analysis was conducted to examine the effects of adiposity indices as potential mediators between DII and diabetes. Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between the 26 dietary components of the DII on adiposity indices and the occurrence of diabetes in participants with prior GDM.
Among participants with prior GDM, higher DII scores were associated with the occurrence of diabetes after variable adjustment. Mediation analysis disclosed that adiposity indices mediated a substantial portion of the relationship between DII and diabetes, with BMI (12.19%) and RFM (11.84%) showing significant mediating effects. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that different dietary components exhibited varying degrees of correlation with adiposity indices and diabetes among participants with prior GDM.
Higher DII scores were associated with the occurrence of diabetes in women with prior GDM, partly mediated by adiposity indices, emphasizing the role of diet in diabetes risk. Additionally, the findings suggested that these adiposity indices should be more broadly utilized to improve early diabetes prevention and treatment strategies among women with prior GDM.
Not applicable.
既往患有妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的女性产后患2型糖尿病的风险显著增加。然而，关于饮食因素对既往患有GDM的女性产后内分泌代谢的影响及其潜在机制的研究仍然相对有限。本研究旨在探讨饮食炎症指数（DII）与既往患有GDM的女性随后发生2型糖尿病之间的关联及其潜在途径，并有助于识别高危人群。
样本包括2007年至2018年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的788名参与者。采用多变量逻辑回归分析既往患有GDM的参与者中DII与糖尿病及肥胖指数（如体重指数（BMI）和相对脂肪量（RFM））之间的相关性。进行中介分析以检验肥胖指数作为DII与糖尿病之间潜在中介的作用。进行Spearman相关性分析以评估DII的26种饮食成分与既往患有GDM的参与者的肥胖指数和糖尿病发生之间的关系。
在既往患有GDM的参与者中，调整变量后较高的DII得分与糖尿病的发生相关。中介分析表明，肥胖指数介导了DII与糖尿病之间很大一部分关系，BMI（12.19%）和RFM（11.84%）显示出显著的中介作用。Spearman相关性分析表明，在既往患有GDM的参与者中，不同的饮食成分与肥胖指数和糖尿病表现出不同程度的相关性。
较高的DII得分与既往患有GDM的女性患糖尿病有关，部分由肥胖指数介导，强调了饮食在糖尿病风险中的作用。此外，研究结果表明，这些肥胖指数应更广泛地用于改善既往患有GDM的女性的早期糖尿病预防和治疗策略。
不适用。
