Xu Yanhong, Yao Zhiying, Lin Jiayi, Wei Nan, Yao Ling
Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
Fujian Clinical Research Center for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2024 Nov 6;16(1):265. doi: 10.1186/s13098-024-01486-7.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The inflammatory potential of diet is crucial in GDM development. This study compares dietary inflammatory indices (DII) in females with and without a history of GDM and constructs a predictive model for prediabetes risk.
Cross-sectional data from NHANES cycles (2011-2014) were analyzed using the DII. Independent t tests, chi-square test, and Mann-Whitney U test examined DII scores in relation to GDM history. Multivariate logistic regression assessed DII's association with prediabetes in females with GDM history. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) and LASSO regression modeled non-linear relationships and predicted prediabetes risk.
971 female participants were included. Those with GDM history had lower DII scores (1.62 (0.58, 2.93) vs. 2.05 (0.91, 2.93)). Higher DII scores in females with GDM were linked to prediabetes, remaining significant after adjusting for confounders. RCS analysis found no non-linear correlation (non-linear p = 0.617). The prediabetes model for GDM history had strong predictive performance (AUC = 88.6%, 95% CI: 79.9-97.4%).
Females with GDM history show lower DII levels, potentially reflecting improved diet and health awareness. Higher DII scores correlate with increased prediabetes risk in this group, emphasizing diet's role in diabetes risk. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）与患2型糖尿病（T2DM）风险增加相关。饮食的炎症潜能在GDM的发展中至关重要。本研究比较了有和没有GDM病史的女性的饮食炎症指数（DII），并构建了糖尿病前期风险预测模型。
使用DII分析来自美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）周期（2011 - 2014年）的横断面数据。独立t检验、卡方检验和曼 - 惠特尼U检验检查了与GDM病史相关的DII分数。多变量逻辑回归评估了DII与有GDM病史女性的糖尿病前期的关联。受限立方样条（RCS）和套索回归对非线性关系进行建模并预测糖尿病前期风险。
纳入了971名女性参与者。有GDM病史的女性DII分数较低（1.62（0.58，2.93）对2.05（0.91，2.93））。有GDM的女性中较高的DII分数与糖尿病前期相关，在调整混杂因素后仍然显著。RCS分析未发现非线性相关性（非线性p = 0.617）。有GDM病史的糖尿病前期模型具有很强的预测性能（AUC = 88.6%，95%CI：79.9 - 97.4%）。
有GDM病史的女性DII水平较低，可能反映出饮食和健康意识的改善。在该组中较高的DII分数与糖尿病前期风险增加相关，强调了饮食在糖尿病风险中的作用。需要进一步研究来证实这些发现。
