Luteolin phospholipid complexes improves the bioavailability of luteolin and exhibits potent protection and high safety in mice with gouty nephropathy.

This study sought to improve luteolin (Lut) solubility and bioactivity luteolin phospholipid complex (Lut-PC) preparation. Lut-PC was synthesised using solvent evaporation and characterised by multiple techniques. The optimal complexation efficiency reached 95.6% ± 0.83%. SEM, FTIR, and XRD analyses indicated that Lut-PC had an amorphous structure, differing from crystalline Lut, and its formation involved specific molecular interactions. With an octanol-water partition coefficient of 1.44, Lut-PC was more readily adsorbed. dissolution showed higher cumulative release rates in various media compared to Lut and the physical mixture. In a gouty nephropathy mouse model, Lut-PC effectively reduced uric acid, offered stronger renoprotection than Lut, and had better safety than allopurinol. Thus, phospholipid complexation is a promising method for improving Lut properties, with potential pharmaceutical applications, particularly for gouty nephropathy treatment.