Kultgen J
J Med Philos. 1985 Nov;10(4):369-86. doi: 10.1093/jmp/10.4.369.
Robert M. Veatch proposes a "triple contract theory" as a new foundation for medical ethics. His criticisms of unilateral "physician ethics" are sound, but uncertainty as to whether he is proposing merely imaginary or real contracts vitiates his constructive arguments. If the former, he is recommending a minor heuristic device for thinking about ethics, not a foundation. If the latter, his proposal is utterly impractical and a medical covenant will have to be developed another way.
罗伯特·M·维奇提出了一种“三重契约理论”，作为医学伦理学的新基础。他对单边“医生伦理学”的批评是合理的，但关于他所提出的契约是仅仅为想象的还是真实的存在不确定性，这削弱了他的建设性论点。如果是前者，他只是在推荐一种思考伦理学的次要启发式工具，而非一个基础。如果是后者，他的提议完全不切实际，必须通过其他方式来发展医学契约。
