Zhang Xinyang, Wang Zhennan, Hu Jiangyong
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576, Singapore.
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576, Singapore.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Sep 15;496:139248. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.139248. Epub 2025 Jul 13.
Previous studies have shown that O/Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) outperforms O alone in treating refractory pharmaceuticals and personal care products. However, research on the removal of antibiotics using O/PMS remains limited, and the effectiveness of this process in removing antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) remains unclear. In this study, the treatment performance of O and O/PMS for antibiotic-containing wastewater were comprehensively compared, particularly on the effectiveness of O/PMS in inactivating ARB and reducing ARGs abundance compared with O. Within 15 min of treatment, O/PMS removed up to 52.3 % more targeted antibiotics, 4.8 % more dissolved organic carbon, 2.7 % more UV, and 18.8 % more dissolved organic matter (DOM) than O. For ciprofloxacin-resistant and chloramphenicol-resistant bacteria, both O and O/PMS showed a continuous decrease in concentration with increasing treatment time. For amoxicillin-resistant, tetracycline-resistant, and sulfamethoxazole-resistant bacteria, O showed an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease, while O/PMS showed a similar trend for tetracycline- and sulfamethoxazole- resistant bacteria, but a continuous decrease for amoxicillin-resistant bacteria. For ARGs, before 8 min, O treatment showed a higher relative abundance of targeted ARGs (0.01-0.31 ARGs/16S rRNA), mainly due to tetQ. After 8 min, O/PMS treatment exhibited a higher relative abundance of ARGs/16S rRNA (0.04-0.05), primarily due to floR. At the phylum level, PMS addition increased Bacteroidota abundance while reducing Proteobacteria, Chloroflexota, and Myxococcota_A_473307. At the class level, PMS specifically promoted Alphaproteobacteria and Bacteroidia while inhibiting Gammaproteobacteria and UBA9160. Finally, the acute toxicity of O/PMS-treated wastewater was 14.6 % lower than that of O-treated wastewater at 2 min. However, after 6 min, the toxicity of O/PMS-treated wastewater became significantly higher, with the largest difference (23.6 %) observed at 8 min. The results indicated that O/PMS had an advantage over O in removing antibiotics, DOM, and controlling ARB. However, prolonged treatment increased ARGs diversity and concentration compared to O and significantly enhanced the acute toxicity of antibiotic-containing wastewater.
先前的研究表明，在处理难降解的药品和个人护理产品方面，臭氧/过一硫酸盐（PMS）比单独使用臭氧表现更优。然而，关于使用臭氧/PMS去除抗生素的研究仍然有限，且该过程在去除抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）方面的有效性仍不明确。在本研究中，全面比较了臭氧和臭氧/PMS对含抗生素废水的处理性能，特别是与臭氧相比，臭氧/PMS在灭活ARB和降低ARGs丰度方面的有效性。在处理15分钟内，与臭氧相比，臭氧/PMS去除的目标抗生素多52.3%，溶解有机碳多4.8%，紫外线多2.7%，溶解有机物（DOM）多18.8%。对于耐环丙沙星和耐氯霉素的细菌，臭氧和臭氧/PMS的浓度均随处理时间的增加而持续下降。对于耐阿莫西林、耐四环素和耐磺胺甲恶唑的细菌，臭氧处理显示出先增加后下降的趋势，而臭氧/PMS对耐四环素和耐磺胺甲恶唑的细菌呈现类似趋势，但对耐阿莫西林的细菌则持续下降。对于ARGs，在8分钟之前，臭氧处理显示目标ARGs的相对丰度较高（0.01 - 0.31 ARGs/16S rRNA），主要是由于tetQ。8分钟后，臭氧/PMS处理表现出较高的ARGs/16S rRNA相对丰度（0.04 - 0.05），主要是由于floR。在门水平上，添加PMS增加了拟杆菌门的丰度，同时降低了变形菌门、绿弯菌门和粘球菌门_A_473307的丰度。在纲水平上，PMS特别促进了α-变形菌纲和拟杆菌纲，同时抑制了γ-变形菌纲和UBA9160。最后，臭氧/PMS处理的废水在2分钟时的急性毒性比臭氧处理的废水低14.6%。然而，6分钟后，臭氧/PMS处理的废水毒性显著升高，在8分钟时观察到最大差异（23.6%）。结果表明，臭氧/PMS在去除抗生素、DOM和控制ARB方面比臭氧具有优势。然而，与臭氧相比，延长处理时间会增加ARGs的多样性和浓度，并显著增强含抗生素废水的急性毒性。
