Kirman J H, Kirman N F
J Gen Psychol. 1985 Jul;112(3):243-59. doi: 10.1080/00221309.1985.9711009.
A novel illusion was observed when 12 tactile point-stimulators arranged in a circle were sequentially activated so that each quadrant was first traced in a clockwise manner, then counterclockwise, and again in a clockwise manner, after which the next quadrant was similarly traced. Under certain temporal conditions this stimulus pattern was experienced as a point moving through an overall circular path but looping inwardly about once per quandrant. The effects of variations in rate of presentation of such stimuli were investigated by having subjects make drawings of their perceptual experiences. Three skin surfaces were used (palm, fingers, and forearm), and all produced similar results except for lower confidence and reliability of drawings made from forearm stimulation. Pattern presentation rate, however, had a consistent and powerful effect, with the looping illusion most frequently observed at rates around 25 pattern points per s and with different perceptual organizations dominating as rates departed widely from this optimum. The illusory perceptual organizations were interpreted as compromises between past and present stimulation necessitated by the relative slowness of tactile processing of spatiotemporal patterns.
当按圆周排列的12个触觉点刺激器依次激活时，会观察到一种新的错觉，即每个象限先按顺时针方向追踪，然后逆时针方向，再顺时针方向，之后对下一个象限进行类似的追踪。在特定的时间条件下，这种刺激模式会让人感觉一个点沿着整体的圆形路径移动，但每个象限大约向内循环一次。通过让受试者画出他们的感知体验，研究了此类刺激呈现速率变化的影响。使用了三个皮肤表面（手掌、手指和前臂），除了前臂刺激产生的绘图的可信度和可靠性较低外，所有结果都相似。然而，模式呈现速率有一致且强大的影响，循环错觉最常出现在每秒约25个模式点的速率下，当速率大幅偏离这个最佳值时，不同的感知组织占主导地位。虚幻的感知组织被解释为由于时空模式触觉处理相对缓慢而导致过去和当前刺激之间的折衷。
