Farkas Anca, Butiuc-Keul Anca, Carpa Rahela, Szekeres Edina, Teban-Man Adela, Coman Cristian
Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogălniceanu Street, 400084, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Centre for Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Babeş-Bolyai University, 5-7 Clinicilor Street, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 18;15(1):26026. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-08090-3.
The increasing frequency of antibiotic resistant bacteria and their dissemination in environmental microbiomes is a critical health concern. Water quality assessment and AMR surveillance are broadly focused on commonly found Enterobacterales, and mainly on the faecal indicator E. coli. In this study, we analysed antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation in 14 environmental isolates belonging to six neglected species. Genetic diversity was assessed by ERIC-PCR. Identified as Cronobacter sakazakii (1), Kluyvera intermedia (1), Leclercia adecarboxylata (1), Raoultella ornithinolytica (8), Raoultella terrigena (1), and Yersinia massiliensis (2), each isolate had a unique and distinct AMR profile. The isolates demonstrated intrinsic resistance to erythromycin and increased resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline. None of the isolates exhibited carbapenem resistance. Ten isolates were MDR. Thirteen out of the 24 investigated ARGs were detected in bacterial genomes. Except for carbapenemases, various β-lactamases (bla, bla), and also tet, sul, erm, mef and qnr genes were found. A strong positive correlation was observed between the phenotypic and genotypic resistance. Due to its discriminatory power at the taxonomic level, ERIC-PCR fingerprinting provided a reliable and accurate molecular typing. Negative correlations between the number of ERIC bands, the magnitude of resistance and the biofilm score indicate that strains with abundant ERIC sequences are less likely to be resistant and to adhere to surfaces. This suggests that a high genome plasticity and adaptability prevents specific survival strategies and deserves further attention.
抗生素耐药细菌的频率增加及其在环境微生物群落中的传播是一个关键的健康问题。水质评估和抗菌药物耐药性监测主要集中在常见的肠杆菌科细菌，主要是粪便指示菌大肠杆菌。在本研究中，我们分析了属于六个被忽视物种的14株环境分离株的抗生素耐药性和生物膜形成。通过ERIC-PCR评估遗传多样性。鉴定为阪崎肠杆菌（1株）、中间克鲁维菌（1株）、解羧勒克菌（1株）、鸟氨酸拉乌尔菌（8株）、土生拉乌尔菌（1株）和马赛耶尔森菌（2株），每个分离株都有独特且不同的抗菌药物耐药谱。这些分离株表现出对红霉素的固有耐药性以及对氨苄青霉素和四环素耐药性增加。没有分离株表现出对碳青霉烯类的耐药性。10株分离株为多重耐药。在细菌基因组中检测到了24个研究的抗菌药物耐药基因中的13个。除碳青霉烯酶外，还发现了各种β-内酰胺酶（bla、bla）以及tet、sul、erm、mef和qnr基因。在表型和基因型耐药性之间观察到强烈的正相关。由于其在分类水平上的鉴别能力，ERIC-PCR指纹图谱提供了可靠且准确的分子分型。ERIC条带数量、耐药程度和生物膜评分之间的负相关表明，具有丰富ERIC序列的菌株耐药和粘附于表面的可能性较小。这表明高基因组可塑性和适应性阻止了特定的生存策略，值得进一步关注。
