Barbhuiya Pervej Alom, Talukdar Smitakshi, Mondal Nur Shaid, Kumari Punam, Ahmed Muskaan, Pathak Manash Pratim
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam Downtown University, Sankar Madhab Path, Gandhi Nagar, Panikhaiti, Guwahati, Assam, PIN - 781026, India.
Centre for Research on Ethnomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam Downtown University, Sankar Madhab Path, Gandhi Nagar, Panikhaiti, Guwahati, Assam, India, PIN -781026.
Curr Top Med Chem. 2025 Jul 16. doi: 10.2174/0115680266370869250630062043.
Many metabolic diseases, such as Metabolic dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), are largely caused by obesity, a complicated ailment characterized by excessive fat buildup. By 2030, obesity is expected to have increased in prevalence, affecting over 1 billion people worldwide. MASLD, formerly known as NAFLD, is a broad category of liver illnesses caused by metabolic dysfunction and frequently linked to obesity. Drugs are available for obesity, but long-term use causes serious adverse effects, as reported. Currently, there are no FDA-approved therapies for MASLD. Interest in marine animals and their metabolites for their potential as therapeutics is growing, given the shortcomings of traditional medicines. This review emphasizes different marine species and metabolites, and macromolecules and tabulates all the pre-clinical studies targeting obesity and MASLD.
For this review, the authors have gone through a vast number of article sources from different scientific databases like PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect.
Algae, fungi, and bacteria found in the ocean are abundant in bioactive chemicals that have anti-obesity and anti-MASLD properties. A variety of studies have reported the anti-obesity and anti-MASLD effects of marine species such as Spirulina platensis, Chlorella vulgaris, Caulerpa okamurae, and bioactive macromolecules like dieckol, fucosterol, fucoxanthin, sodium alginate and paramylon.
These marine-derived substances have a variety of pharmacological characteristics, including lipid-modulating, anti-adipogenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. These qualities are crucial for treating the underlying mechanisms that underlie obesity and MASLD. These marine species may be useful as natural supplements or therapeutic agents in the management and treatment of metabolic diseases associated with obesity. Some of these bioactive phytoconstituents have been identified for their potential against obesity and MASLD; however, more investigation is necessary to identify the precise bioactive substances causing these advantageous effects and assess their safety and effectiveness in clinical trials.
许多代谢性疾病，如代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病（MASLD），很大程度上是由肥胖引起的，肥胖是一种以脂肪过度堆积为特征的复杂疾病。预计到2030年，肥胖症的患病率将会上升，全球将有超过10亿人受到影响。MASLD，以前称为非酒精性脂肪性肝病，是一类由代谢功能障碍引起的肝脏疾病，常与肥胖有关。有治疗肥胖症的药物，但据报道，长期使用会导致严重的不良反应。目前，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）尚未批准用于治疗MASLD的疗法。鉴于传统药物的缺点，人们对海洋动物及其代谢产物作为治疗药物的潜力的兴趣与日俱增。本综述着重介绍了不同的海洋物种、代谢产物和大分子，并列出了所有针对肥胖症和MASLD的临床前研究。
在本综述中，作者查阅了来自不同科学数据库（如PubMed、谷歌学术和科学Direct）的大量文章来源。
海洋中发现的藻类、真菌和细菌富含具有抗肥胖和抗MASLD特性的生物活性化学物质。各种研究报告了螺旋藻、小球藻、冈村蕨藻等海洋物种以及二节柯、岩藻甾醇、岩藻黄质、海藻酸钠和副淀粉等生物活性大分子的抗肥胖和抗MASLD作用。
这些海洋来源的物质具有多种药理特性，包括调节脂质、抗脂肪生成、抗氧化和抗炎活性。这些特性对于治疗肥胖症和MASLD的潜在机制至关重要。这些海洋物种可能作为天然补充剂或治疗剂，用于管理和治疗与肥胖相关的代谢性疾病。其中一些生物活性植物成分已被确定具有抗肥胖和抗MASLD的潜力；然而，需要更多的研究来确定产生这些有益作用的精确生物活性物质，并评估它们在临床试验中的安全性和有效性。
