Tan Yun-Zhou, Lu Lei-Lei, Qi Dan, Zhang Sheng-Hu, Wu Dan, Kang Guo-Dong, Lei Rong-Rong, Wang Ling
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environmental Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2025 Jul 8;46(7):4264-4272. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202405173.
Rivers play vital roles as sources and sinks for antibiotics； however， current studies often overlook the antibiotic contamination in northwest China， where water is scarce. Therefore， this study assessed antibiotic contamination in a typical inland river Y and its tributary P in northwest China. We used high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （HPLC-MS/MS） to detect the concentrations of 39 antibiotics across five classes. Then， we used the positive matrix factorization （PMF） model to analyze the sources of antibiotics and evaluate the ecological risks. The results indicated that sulfadoxine （SDX） dominated （mean concentration： 3 734.87 ng·L） in all samples with a peak of 30 120.38 ng·L. Oytetracycline （OXY） and sulfamonomethoxine （SMM） were also detected （17.02-71.32 ng·L）. The PMF model revealed that antibiotics mainly originated from aquaculture and domestic sewage. Ecological risk assessment showed high ecological risks and antibiotic resistance development potential for SDX at multiple points in Y and P， warranting attention. Additionally， OXY exhibited low ecological risk and moderate resistance development potential， while SMM showed low ecological risk. Other antibiotics temporarily posed no risk to the ecological environment. This study provides a theoretical basis for antibiotic pollution prevention and risk management in the northwest inland region.
河流作为抗生素的源和汇发挥着至关重要的作用；然而，目前的研究往往忽视了中国西北部水资源稀缺地区的抗生素污染。因此，本研究评估了中国西北部一条典型内陆河流Y及其支流P中的抗生素污染情况。我们使用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（HPLC-MS/MS）检测了五类39种抗生素的浓度。然后，我们使用正矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型分析抗生素的来源并评估生态风险。结果表明，磺胺多辛（SDX）在所有样本中占主导地位（平均浓度：3734.87 ng·L），峰值为30120.38 ng·L。还检测到土霉素（OXY）和磺胺间甲氧嘧啶（SMM）（17.02 - 71.32 ng·L）。PMF模型显示，抗生素主要来源于水产养殖和生活污水。生态风险评估表明，Y河和P河多个点位的SDX具有较高的生态风险和抗生素抗性发展潜力，值得关注。此外，OXY表现出较低的生态风险和中等的抗性发展潜力，而SMM的生态风险较低。其他抗生素目前对生态环境没有造成风险。本研究为中国西北部内陆地区抗生素污染防治和风险管理提供了理论依据。
