Umetani T, Kitao S, Katada A
J Ment Defic Res. 1985 Sep;29 ( Pt 3):219-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.1985.tb00331.x.
Simple two-choice discrimination shift learning performances of 20 moderately and severely mentally retarded children were compared with those of 20 non-retarded ones. A learning task arranged with a pair of yellow circle and green triangle slides was used. No difference was found between mentally retarded and non-retarded children in the learning rate of initial discrimination, but the mentally retarded attained shift discrimination more slowly than the non-retarded. Also, the extinction of initial positive responses in mentally retarded children was slower than in non-retarded children. It was suggested that the difficulty of discrimination shift in severely subnormal children is due to failure to suppress a previously learned response to prior positive cues.
对20名中度和重度智力迟钝儿童与20名非智力迟钝儿童的简单二选一辨别转换学习表现进行了比较。使用了由一对黄色圆圈和绿色三角形幻灯片组成的学习任务。智力迟钝儿童和非智力迟钝儿童在初始辨别的学习速度上没有差异，但智力迟钝儿童达到转换辨别比非智力迟钝儿童更慢。此外，智力迟钝儿童初始积极反应的消退比非智力迟钝儿童更慢。研究表明，严重低常儿童辨别转换的困难是由于未能抑制先前对先前积极线索所学到的反应。
