Veríssimo Ana Cristina, Oliveira Pedro, Matos Paula Mena, Ribeiro Laura
Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Medical Education Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, 4200-319, Portugal.
ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
BMC Med Educ. 2025 Jul 19;25(1):1083. doi: 10.1186/s12909-025-07599-5.
While previous research has largely focused on individual trait associations with academic misbehaviour, this study used a person-centred approach to explore personality type differences in student misconduct. The distribution of the personality types was also compared across sociodemographic groups and fields of study.
A sample of 1,398 health and non-health university students replied to a multiple-choice questionnaire covering HEXACO personality traits, eight forms of academic misconduct, and background information. Personality types were explored through cluster analysis, and differences in their behaviour and characteristics were examined using chi-square test and ANOVA.
The five personality types identified differed in their self-reported academic misconduct. Risk-takers disclosed the highest levels of misconduct, followed by Performance-oriented students, who had competitive dispositions. Secure and Socially Considerate students exhibited more well-adjusted and prosocial traits, respectively, disclosing the lowest rates of misconduct. Insecure students scored higher than these two types on Plagiarism, combining traits associated with psychological distress that may affect their performance. The personality types also revealed gender and socioeconomic differences, and a more uniform distribution in health than in non-health fields.
This study expands on past research by analysing a distinct set of personality types in association with academic misconduct. Understanding the psychosocial characteristics and field of study distribution of these types helped to propose tailored educational strategies to foster their compliance with academic integrity.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12909-025-07599-5.
虽然先前的研究主要集中在个体特质与学术不当行为的关联上，但本研究采用以人为主的方法来探讨学生不当行为中的人格类型差异。还比较了不同社会人口学群体和研究领域的人格类型分布情况。
1398名健康和非健康专业的大学生样本回答了一份多项选择题问卷，该问卷涵盖HEXACO人格特质、八种学术不当行为形式以及背景信息。通过聚类分析探索人格类型，并使用卡方检验和方差分析检查其行为和特征的差异。
所确定的五种人格类型在自我报告的学术不当行为方面存在差异。冒险者披露的不当行为水平最高，其次是具有竞争倾向的以成绩为导向的学生。安全型和注重社交型学生分别表现出更适应良好和亲社会的特质，披露的不当行为发生率最低。不安全型学生在抄袭方面的得分高于这两种类型，他们兼具可能影响其表现的与心理困扰相关的特质。人格类型还显示出性别和社会经济差异，并且在健康专业领域的分布比非健康专业领域更均匀。
本研究通过分析与学术不当行为相关的一组独特人格类型，扩展了以往的研究。了解这些类型的心理社会特征和研究领域分布，有助于提出量身定制的教育策略，以促进他们遵守学术诚信。
在线版本包含可在10.1186/s12909-025-07599-5获取的补充材料。
