Maleki Ali Asghar, Mousavi Seyed Hamed, Biabangard Mohamad Ali, Minoonejad Hooman
Department of Sport Injuries and Biomechanics, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 20;15(1):26335. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-12371-2.
The functional movement screen (FMS) is a widely recognized tool for evaluating movement patterns and identifying potential injury risks in athletes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of various exercise interventions in enhancing FMS scores, thus shedding light on their potential roles in optimizing movement quality and reducing injury risk. We conducted comprehensive searches of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase (through May 2025) to identify experimental studies reporting pre-post changes in FMS after structured exercise interventions. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data, assessed study quality using the PEDro scale and ROBINS-I tool, rated evidence certainty via GRADE, and then performed random-effects meta-analyses in RevMan 5.4 to calculate pooled mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Forty trials encompassing 1,604 athletes met the inclusion criteria. Pooled analyses revealed moderate-certainty improvements in FMS scores for resistance training (MD = 2.21; 95% CI 1.82-2.61; P < 0.001; I = 18%), integrated training (MD = 1.92; 1.57-2.27; P < 0.001; I = 13%), neuromuscular training (MD = 2.31; 1.64-2.98; P < 0.001; I = 0%), core stability training (MD = 2.89; 2.46-3.32; P < 0.001; I = 45%), and functional training (MD = 1.74; 1.34-2.13; P < 0.001; I = 0%). In contrast, the FIFA 11 + warm-up had a smaller effect (MD = 1.69; 0.79-2.60; P < 0.001), with high heterogeneity (I = 84%) and very low certainty. Targeted exercise interventions, particularly those focused on resistance, neuromuscular, and core stability training, effectively increase FMS scores, which may improve movement quality and lower injury risk. However, caution is warranted when linking FMS improvements directly to performance outcomes, and further research is needed to determine how these interventions benefit specific athletic populations, ranging from youth to professional athletes.
功能性动作筛查（FMS）是一种广泛认可的工具，用于评估运动员的动作模式并识别潜在的受伤风险。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在评估各种运动干预措施在提高FMS分数方面的有效性，从而阐明它们在优化动作质量和降低受伤风险方面的潜在作用。我们对PubMed、科学网、Scopus和Embase进行了全面检索（截至2025年5月），以识别报告结构化运动干预后FMS前后变化的实验研究。两名评审员独立筛选和提取数据，使用PEDro量表和ROBINS-I工具评估研究质量，通过GRADE对证据确定性进行评级，然后在RevMan 5.4中进行随机效应荟萃分析，以计算合并平均差（MD）及其95%置信区间（CI）。40项涉及1604名运动员的试验符合纳入标准。汇总分析显示，阻力训练（MD = 2.21；95%CI 1.82 - 2.61；P < 0.001；I = 18%）、综合训练（MD = 1.92；1.57 - 2.27；P < 0.001；I = 13%）、神经肌肉训练（MD = 2.31；1.64 - 2.98；P < 0.001；I = 0%）、核心稳定性训练（MD = 2.89；2.46 - 3.32；P < 0.001；I = 45%）和功能性训练（MD = 1.74；1.34 - 2.13；P < 0.001；I = 0%）在FMS分数方面有中等确定性的提高。相比之下，国际足联11 +热身的效果较小（MD = 1.69；0.79 - 2.60；P < 0.001），异质性高（I = 84%）且确定性非常低。有针对性的运动干预措施，特别是那些侧重于阻力、神经肌肉和核心稳定性训练的措施，能有效提高FMS分数，这可能改善动作质量并降低受伤风险。然而，在将FMS的改善直接与运动表现结果联系起来时需谨慎，还需要进一步研究以确定这些干预措施如何使从青少年到职业运动员的特定运动员群体受益。
