Taye Beimnet F, Chitnis Amit S, Yette Emily, Beyers Matt, Wong Robert J, Dunne Eileen F
Division of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Alameda County Public Health Department, Alameda Health, San Leandro, CA, USA.
Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Gastroenterology Res. 2025 Jun 16;18(4):182-191. doi: 10.14740/gr2042. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) mortality is a metric for viral hepatitis elimination. Assessments of HBV and HCV mortality at the local level can focus viral hepatitis prevention efforts.
We conducted a cross-sectional and trend analysis of Alameda County residents with HBV or HCV who died in California, using California's Integrated Vital Records System, 2005 - 2022. We selected International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes specific to HBV, HCV, or both, as a cause of death. We used Joinpoint regression to investigate trend differences in age-adjusted HCV mortality rates by sex, race/ethnicity, and Healthy Places Index (HPI) quartiles.
A total of 2,165 HBV and HCV deaths were identified in Alameda County (313 HBV, 1,809 HCV, and 43 co-infected deaths). Most HBV decedents were Asian (73.2%) and born outside the United States (78.9%). Age-adjusted HCV mortality rates decreased for all groups from 2013 to 2022; HBV mortality did not decline. African American/Black and Hispanic/Latinx residents had smaller percent decreases in HCV mortality than Asian residents (average annual percent change (AAPC) difference: 6.6% (0.4%, 12.9%); P = 0.04 and 9.3% (3.5%, 15.1%); P = 0.002). The least advantaged HPI quartile 1 had a smaller percent decrease in HCV mortality than the most advantaged HPI quartile 4 (AAPC difference: 8.3% (3.6%, 12.9%); P = 0.01).
We identified successes, challenges, and disparities in the burden and trends of HBV and HCV deaths in Alameda County. Focused efforts to expand viral hepatitis screening, vaccination, and treatment are needed to address these gaps and reach elimination targets.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）死亡率是衡量病毒性肝炎消除工作的一项指标。在地方层面评估HBV和HCV死亡率可使病毒性肝炎预防工作有的放矢。
我们利用加利福尼亚州综合生命记录系统，对2005年至2022年期间在加利福尼亚州死亡的阿拉米达县HBV或HCV感染者进行了横断面和趋势分析。我们选择了特定于HBV、HCV或两者的国际疾病分类第十版（ICD-10）编码作为死因。我们使用Joinpoint回归分析按性别、种族/族裔和健康场所指数（HPI）四分位数划分的年龄调整后HCV死亡率的趋势差异。
在阿拉米达县共确定了2165例HBV和HCV死亡病例（313例HBV死亡、1809例HCV死亡和43例合并感染死亡）。大多数HBV死亡者为亚洲人（73.2%）且出生在美国境外（78.9%）。2013年至2022年期间，所有组的年龄调整后HCV死亡率均下降；HBV死亡率未下降。非裔美国人/黑人及西班牙裔/拉丁裔居民的HCV死亡率下降百分比低于亚洲居民（平均年变化百分比（AAPC）差异：6.6%（0.4%，12.9%）；P = 0.04和9.3%（3.5%，15.1%）；P = 0.002）。最不具优势的HPI四分位数1的HCV死亡率下降百分比低于最具优势的HPI四分位数4（AAPC差异：8.3%（3.6%，12.9%）；P = 0.01）。
我们确定了阿拉米达县HBV和HCV死亡负担及趋势方面的成功之处、挑战和差异。需要集中努力扩大病毒性肝炎筛查、疫苗接种和治疗，以弥补这些差距并实现消除目标。
