Kabra Apoorva, Jyoti Nitish J, Mittal Samarth, Trikha Vivek
Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, IND.
Cureus. 2025 Jun 19;17(6):e86340. doi: 10.7759/cureus.86340. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Genochondromatosis is a rare disorder characterized by symmetrical enchondromas, most commonly affecting the knee joint. Although benign, the presence of cartilaginous lesions weakens the bone, predisposing individuals to pathological fractures that present significant management challenges due to altered anatomy, limited treatment guidelines, and restricted implant options. We present the first documented case of managing a pathological distal femur fracture in a 22-year-old male patient with genochondromatosis. The patient presented with an inability to bear weight following a fall. Clinical and radiological evaluation revealed multiple metaphyseal lesions involving the femur, tibia, humerus, clavicle, radius, and ulna, consistent with genochondromatosis. A family history of similar skeletal abnormalities suggested a hereditary pattern. Due to the abnormal morphology of the distal femur, conventional extramedullary fixation was unsuitable. An intramedullary implant was selected for its biomechanical benefits, offering comprehensive stabilization across the femur and promoting optimal healing. Surgical challenges included the flared distal fragment and the absence of normal anatomical landmarks. Postoperative follow-up showed a progressive union of the fracture. The patient was allowed full weight bearing at three months and achieved complete functional recovery by 12 months. This case demonstrates the effective use of an intramedullary implant in a complex pathological fracture associated with genochondromatosis and underscores the importance of individualized pre-operative planning and fundamental fracture management principles in the setting of benign skeletal dysplasias.
软骨瘤病是一种罕见的疾病,其特征为对称性内生软骨瘤,最常累及膝关节。虽然这些病变是良性的,但软骨性病变的存在会削弱骨骼,使个体易患病理性骨折。由于解剖结构改变、治疗指南有限以及植入物选择受限,这些骨折的治疗面临重大挑战。我们报告了首例有记录的22岁男性软骨瘤病患者股骨远端病理性骨折的治疗病例。该患者因跌倒后无法负重前来就诊。临床和影像学评估显示,股骨、胫骨、肱骨、锁骨、桡骨和尺骨的多个干骺端病变,符合软骨瘤病的表现。家族中有类似骨骼异常的病史提示存在遗传模式。由于股骨远端形态异常,传统的髓外固定并不适用。选择髓内植入物是因其具有生物力学优势,可对股骨提供全面稳定并促进最佳愈合。手术挑战包括远端骨折块增宽以及正常解剖标志缺失。术后随访显示骨折逐渐愈合。患者在三个月时被允许完全负重,并在12个月时实现了完全功能恢复。该病例证明了髓内植入物在与软骨瘤病相关的复杂病理性骨折中的有效应用,并强调了在良性骨骼发育异常情况下个体化术前规划和基本骨折治疗原则的重要性。