Nguyen Thuong Thi, Nguyen Lien Thi Bich, Duong Khang Nguyen, Nguyen Thuan Khanh
Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Gia Lai Campus, Vietnam.
Vet World. 2025 Jun;18(6):1433-1439. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2025.1433-1439. Epub 2025 Jun 6.
Postpartum reproductive disorders, particularly metritis and placental retention, significantly compromise dairy herd productivity and calf viability. In Vietnam, where dairy production is expanding, limited data exist on the prevalence and consequences of such disorders under modern farm conditions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of metritis and placental retention in dairy cows on an industrial farm in southern Vietnam from 2022 to mid-2024 and to evaluate their reproductive and neonatal health consequences.
A longitudinal study was conducted on a dairy herd monitored through skin conductance responses activity sensors and DataFlow™ II software (Allflex Livestock Intelligence, MSD Animal Health Intelligence, USA). Health alerts triggered clinical examinations to identify genital infections. Metritic cows were treated using antibiotics and hormonal therapies and were monitored for recovery and subsequent breeding success. Neonatal calves were examined for respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders for 21 days post-birth. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square tests at a 95% confidence level.
Genital infections affected 23.5%-38.8% of cows annually, with metritis prevalence ranging from 7.2% to 9.8%. Placental retention remained consistent at approximately 13% across years. Quarter 2 consistently exhibited the highest incidence of reproductive disorders. Treatment success for metritis was high (85.8%-88.6%); however, post-treatment pregnancy rates declined over time (68.5% in 2022 and 54.8% in 2024). Neonatal respiratory infections (2.9%-4.4%) were more frequent than gastrointestinal infections (0.1%-0.8%), with calf mortality declining from 3.4% in 2022 to 0.7% in 2024.
Metritis and placental retention remain prevalent challenges in Vietnamese dairy herds, adversely impacting reproductive efficiency and calf health despite high treatment efficacy. The seasonal spike in disease incidence underscores the need for tailored herd health management during hotter months. Although early detection through precision monitoring improved recovery outcomes, residual effects on fertility persisted. Strengthened periparturient care, postpartum surveillance, and colostrum management are recommended to enhance both maternal and neonatal health outcomes.
产后生殖系统疾病，尤其是子宫炎和胎盘滞留，严重影响奶牛群的生产力和犊牛的存活率。在越南，随着奶牛养殖业的不断发展，关于现代农场条件下此类疾病的患病率及其后果的数据有限。本研究旨在确定2022年至2024年年中越南南部一个工业化农场奶牛子宫炎和胎盘滞留的患病率，并评估其对生殖和新生儿健康的影响。
对一个奶牛群进行了纵向研究，通过皮肤电导反应活动传感器和DataFlow™ II软件（美国MSD动物健康智能公司旗下的Allflex畜牧智能公司）进行监测。健康警报触发临床检查以识别生殖器感染。对患有子宫炎的奶牛使用抗生素和激素疗法进行治疗，并监测其恢复情况和随后的繁殖成功率。对新生犊牛出生后21天内的呼吸道和胃肠道疾病进行检查。使用卡方检验在95%置信水平下进行统计分析。
每年有23.5% - 38.8%的奶牛受到生殖器感染，子宫炎患病率在7.2%至9.8%之间。多年来胎盘滞留率一直稳定在约13%。第二季度生殖系统疾病的发病率始终最高。子宫炎的治疗成功率较高（85.8% - 88.6%）；然而，治疗后的妊娠率随时间下降（2022年为68.5%，2024年为54.8%）。新生犊牛的呼吸道感染（2.9% - 4.4%）比胃肠道感染（0.1% - 0.8%）更频繁，犊牛死亡率从2022年的3.4%降至2024年的0.7%。
子宫炎和胎盘滞留仍然是越南奶牛群中普遍存在的挑战，尽管治疗效果良好，但仍对繁殖效率和犊牛健康产生不利影响。疾病发病率的季节性高峰凸显了在炎热月份进行针对性畜群健康管理的必要性。尽管通过精准监测早期发现改善了恢复结果，但对繁殖力的残留影响仍然存在。建议加强围产期护理、产后监测和初乳管理，以改善母体和新生儿的健康状况。
