Niu Jiawen, Zhang Fawang, Liu Chenlu, Xie Kunrong, Zhang Yuanxiang, Zhang Jie, Wang Xijun, Song Chengchao, Li Boyuan, Jiang Yuhang, Li Tianlong, Wang Yufu
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.
Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, Harbin 150086, China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2025 Jul 30;17(30):42688-42705. doi: 10.1021/acsami.5c07658. Epub 2025 Jul 21.
Regulating microglia to modulate the inflammatory response in the early stages of spinal cord injury is crucial for neural repair. Commonly used drugs to inhibit inflammation and microglial activity in clinical practice, such as glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants, are associated with potential side effects. Eleutheroside B (EB), a natural plant extract, has been demonstrated an efficient anti-inflammatory action with low toxicity and the ability to promote neural repair and axon regeneration, suggesting its potential role in treating SCI. Recently, magnetically driven microrobots have demonstrated the ability to deliver drugs and provide precise targeting in deep tissues, which may help increase the dose of EB at the injury site. In this study, we design biomimetic magnetically driven microrobots loaded with EB, which offer efficient motion control and drug delivery capabilities. In a mouse SCI model, the magnetic microrobot with macrophage membrane functionalized and EBs (MPE robot) actively target the injured area using rotating magnetic fields in the early stages of injury, modulated the local microglial phenotype to a neuroprotective state, inhibited local inflammation, and promote axon regeneration and neurological recovery. This approach demonstrates that a biomimetic microrobot loaded with EB offers an effective strategy for treating SCI and other central nervous system diseases.
在脊髓损伤早期调节小胶质细胞以调节炎症反应对神经修复至关重要。临床实践中常用的抑制炎症和小胶质细胞活性的药物，如糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂，都存在潜在的副作用。刺五加苷B（EB）是一种天然植物提取物，已被证明具有高效的抗炎作用，毒性低，且具有促进神经修复和轴突再生的能力，表明其在治疗脊髓损伤方面具有潜在作用。最近，磁驱动微型机器人已展示出在深部组织中递送药物和实现精确靶向的能力，这可能有助于增加损伤部位的EB剂量。在本研究中，我们设计了负载EB的仿生磁驱动微型机器人，其具有高效的运动控制和药物递送能力。在小鼠脊髓损伤模型中，巨噬细胞膜功能化的磁性微型机器人与EB（MPE机器人）在损伤早期利用旋转磁场主动靶向损伤区域，将局部小胶质细胞表型调节为神经保护状态，抑制局部炎症，并促进轴突再生和神经功能恢复。该方法表明，负载EB的仿生微型机器人为治疗脊髓损伤和其他中枢神经系统疾病提供了一种有效的策略。
