Byun Chaeho, Singh Kripal
Department of Biological Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, 36729, Republic of Korea.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Sep;391:126632. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126632. Epub 2025 Jul 20.
Invasive alien species are one of the major threats to biodiversity and ecosystem integrity, therefore, their management is imperative. This study assessed the effectiveness of various mechanical control methods in suppressing the invasive species Solidago altissima and tested the role of sowing native seed mixtures in enhancing native diversity recovery. It was predicted that selective uprooting would be the most effective control method. Additionally, sowing high-functionally diverse seed mixtures was predicted to better suppress reinvasion than less diverse mixtures. A field experiment, containing four main plots that were subjected to non-selective mowing of all vegetation, selective cutting, selective uprooting, and no-treatment control, was conducted to test the above predictions. Each plot was subdivided into four subplots that were left untreated (control) and sown with seed mixtures containing four, eight, and 12 species from one to three functional groups (annual, herbaceous perennial, and woody perennial). Selective uprooting proved the most effective in controlling invasion, preventing reinvasion, and improving native diversity, followed by selective cutting, and non-selective mowing. Mown plots showed no significant increase over control plots in native diversity, highlighting the importance of selective removal. The most effective strategy for restoring biodiversity was uprooting S. altissima in combination with sowing with seed from a high number of functionally-diverse species. Overall, this study showed that selective eradication of an invasive species without disturbing native vegetation, combined with enhancing existing biotic resistance by sowing mixtures of functionally diverse native seeds, prevented reinvasion and improved native biodiversity to the levels comparable with undisturbed reference ecosystems.
外来入侵物种是生物多样性和生态系统完整性的主要威胁之一，因此，对其进行管理势在必行。本研究评估了各种机械控制方法在抑制入侵物种加拿大一枝黄花方面的有效性，并测试了播种本地种子混合物在促进本地多样性恢复中的作用。预计选择性拔除将是最有效的控制方法。此外，预计播种功能高度多样的种子混合物比多样性较低的混合物能更好地抑制再入侵。进行了一项田间试验，设置了四个主要试验区，分别对所有植被进行非选择性刈割、选择性砍伐、选择性拔除以及不进行处理作为对照，以验证上述预测。每个试验区又细分为四个子试验区，其中一个不进行处理（对照），另外三个分别播种含有来自一至三个功能组（一年生、多年生草本和多年生木本）的四种、八种和十二种物种的种子混合物。结果表明，选择性拔除在控制入侵物种、防止再入侵以及提高本地多样性方面最为有效，其次是选择性砍伐和非选择性刈割。刈割试验区的本地多样性与对照试验区相比没有显著增加，这凸显了选择性清除的重要性。恢复生物多样性的最有效策略是拔除加拿大一枝黄花，并播种大量功能多样的本地物种种子。总体而言，本研究表明，在不干扰本地植被的情况下选择性根除入侵物种，同时通过播种功能多样的本地种子混合物增强现有的生物抗性，能够防止再入侵，并将本地生物多样性提高到与未受干扰的参考生态系统相当的水平。
