Yang Jia-Zhi, He Li-Yan, Lu Xian-Zhou
Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of South China Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang, 421002, Hunan, China.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2025 Jul 21;16(1):393. doi: 10.1186/s13287-025-04523-y.
Current therapeutic interventions for intestinal pathologies, including anti-inflammatory agents, immunosuppressants, and surgical procedures, frequently incur substantial adverse effects, elevated recurrence rates, and suboptimal tissue regeneration. Cellular therapy has emerged as a paradigm-shifting strategy, capitalizing on regenerative potential and immunomodulatory properties. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), distinguished by their potent immunoregulatory capacity and multipotent differentiation plasticity, have recently demonstrated remarkable therapeutic promise in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ischemia-reperfusion injury, oncological interventions, and radio-chemotherapy-induced complications. This systematic review critically evaluates MSC biological characteristics, clinical translation progress, and cutting-edge advancements in tissue engineering applications. Mechanistic insights into MSC-mediated intestinal repair are elucidated, with particular emphasis on emerging evidence suggesting MSC-derived exosomes may modulate ZBP1-associated H3K27 acetylation to attenuate intestinal epithelial apoptosis-a novel epigenetic regulatory axis for gastrointestinal restitution. Future translational trajectories and clinical implementation challenges are comprehensively discussed.
目前针对肠道疾病的治疗干预措施，包括抗炎药、免疫抑制剂和外科手术，常常会带来严重的不良反应、较高的复发率以及不理想的组织再生效果。细胞疗法已成为一种具有范式转变意义的策略，它利用了再生潜力和免疫调节特性。间充质干细胞（MSCs）以其强大的免疫调节能力和多能分化可塑性为特征，最近在炎症性肠病（IBD）、缺血再灌注损伤、肿瘤干预以及放化疗引起的并发症方面展现出了显著的治疗前景。本系统综述批判性地评估了间充质干细胞的生物学特性、临床转化进展以及组织工程应用中的前沿进展。阐述了间充质干细胞介导肠道修复的机制见解，特别强调了新出现的证据表明间充质干细胞衍生的外泌体可能调节ZBP1相关的H3K27乙酰化以减轻肠道上皮细胞凋亡——这是一种用于胃肠道恢复的新型表观遗传调控轴。全面讨论了未来的转化轨迹和临床实施挑战。
