Gao Jian, Ma Ningye, Ni Sha, Han Xue
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China.
Cell Biol Toxicol. 2025 Jul 22;41(1):119. doi: 10.1007/s10565-025-10067-x.
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women worldwide, with a high incidence and mortality rate. Despite advances in treatment, approximately 10%-15% of patients with BC still face recurrence. Therefore, improving BC therapy remains a significant challenge. In this article, we provide a detailed overview, categorizing and elaborating the developments of current research progress on nanodrug delivery systems based on ferroptosis for BC treatment. By increasing the iron content in BC cells and inhibiting the defense system against ferroptosis, the accumulation of lipid peroxides is promoted, and ferroptosis is induced in BC cells. In addition to directly targeting tumor cells, nanodrug delivery systems can remodel the tumor microenvironment, inhibit BC primary growth, and prevent distant metastasis. These nanomaterials, after drug loading and modification, possess characteristics such as smart activation, controlled release, specific targeting, good biocompatibility, and long circulation time, thereby enhancing the efficacy of BC treatment. We also classify and discuss the mechanisms and advantages of different types of nanomaterials. Finally, we discuss how multifunctional nanosystems can sensitize ferroptosis when combined with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and phototherapy to achieve synergistic effects in BC treatment. This work reveals the potential of ferroptosis-based nanomaterials in overcoming BC, analyzes the limitations of the clinical application and proposes possible solutions, offering a promising direction for future treatment strategies.
乳腺癌（BC）是全球女性中最常被诊断出的恶性肿瘤，发病率和死亡率都很高。尽管治疗方面取得了进展，但仍有大约10%-15%的乳腺癌患者面临复发。因此，改善乳腺癌治疗仍然是一项重大挑战。在本文中，我们提供了详细的概述，对基于铁死亡的纳米药物递送系统用于乳腺癌治疗的当前研究进展进行分类和阐述。通过增加乳腺癌细胞中的铁含量并抑制抗铁死亡的防御系统，促进脂质过氧化物的积累，并在乳腺癌细胞中诱导铁死亡。除了直接靶向肿瘤细胞外，纳米药物递送系统还可以重塑肿瘤微环境，抑制乳腺癌的原发生长，并防止远处转移。这些纳米材料在载药和修饰后，具有智能激活、控释、特异性靶向、良好的生物相容性和长循环时间等特性，从而提高乳腺癌治疗的疗效。我们还对不同类型纳米材料的作用机制和优势进行了分类和讨论。最后，我们讨论了多功能纳米系统在与放疗、化疗、免疫疗法和光疗联合时如何使铁死亡敏感化，以在乳腺癌治疗中实现协同效应。这项工作揭示了基于铁死亡的纳米材料在攻克乳腺癌方面的潜力，分析了临床应用的局限性并提出了可能的解决方案，为未来的治疗策略提供了一个有前景的方向。
