Ciftci Beyza, Akcura Sevim, Varol İhsan Serkan, Kardes Yusuf Murat, Tas Ismail, Kaplan Mahmut
Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Türkiye.
Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart, Canakkale, Türkiye.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Jul 22;25(1):943. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-06921-z.
Buckwheat has gained high demand and popularity worldwide in recent years. There are very few studies on the combined use of irrigation and nitrogen applications for the plant. In this study, the effects of different nitrogen dose (0, 30, 60, 90 kg ha) and irrigation levels (50%, 75%, 100% of ETo value calculated with the use of evaporations from Class-A pan) applied via fertigation on water use, yield and grain nutritional properties in buckwheat were investigated. The study was carried out in 2020-2021 according to the randomized block design with 3 replications for two years. The highest grain yield was obtained with 100% irrigation level and 90 kg ha nitrogen dose. The increase in nitrogen doses caused significant increases in crop water productivity (CWP) and irrigation water productivity (IWP) values. Plant water consumption (ET) varied between 339 (I0×N50) - 617 (I100×N90) mm. Yield response factor (ky) was determined to be between 1.32 for N0 and 1.49 for N30 according to nitrogen doses, and it was determined that the buckwheat plant was sensitive to water stress. The concentrations of significant constituents, including protein, resistant starch, and fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic acid), were augmented with elevated irrigation levels and nitrogen fertilization. In addition, mineral contents (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, P) increased significantly with increasing irrigation and nitrogen doses. As a result, 100% irrigation level and 90 kg ha nitrogen dose are recommended in buckwheat cultivation for optimum grain yield and nutrient content. It was determined that these applications provided the most suitable results in terms of both quality and yield.
近年来，荞麦在全球范围内的需求量和知名度都有所提高。关于该作物灌溉与施氮相结合的研究非常少。在本研究中，通过施肥灌溉施加不同氮素剂量（0、30、60、90千克/公顷）和灌溉水平（根据A类蒸发皿蒸发量计算的ETo值的50%、75%、100%）对荞麦水分利用、产量和籽粒营养特性的影响进行了研究。该研究于2020 - 2021年按照随机区组设计进行，两年重复3次。在100%灌溉水平和90千克/公顷氮素剂量下获得了最高籽粒产量。氮素剂量的增加导致作物水分生产率（CWP）和灌溉水生产率（IWP）值显著提高。植株耗水量（ET）在339（I0×N50） - 617（I100×N90）毫米之间变化。根据氮素剂量，产量反应系数（ky）在N0时为1.32，在N30时为1.49，并且确定荞麦植株对水分胁迫敏感。包括蛋白质、抗性淀粉和脂肪酸（油酸、亚油酸）在内的重要成分的浓度随着灌溉水平和氮肥施用的增加而增加。此外，矿物质含量（钙、镁、铁、锌、磷）随着灌溉和氮素剂量的增加而显著增加。结果表明，在荞麦种植中，推荐100%灌溉水平和90千克/公顷氮素剂量以获得最佳籽粒产量和养分含量。确定这些措施在质量和产量方面都提供了最合适的结果。
