Zheng Yihao, Zhou Tao, Zhang Quan, Guo Haixin, Yang Jianxun, Ding Baofu, Shao Huaiyu, Yang Xinchun
Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, China.
Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Ganzi, China.
Sci Technol Adv Mater. 2025 Jun 18;26(1):2520159. doi: 10.1080/14686996.2025.2520159. eCollection 2025.
Highly active and durable acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst is a vital component of cost-effective proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer. Rutile-phase RuO has inspired extensive attention as an acidic OER electrocatalyst due to its lower cost and similar activity compared to IrO. However, RuO often suffers from severe dissolution and even structural collapse at high potentials due to the irreversible overoxidation of Ru into soluble RuO species, resulting in a dramatic degradation of performance. Thus, suppressing Ru dissolution and improving intrinsic activity are crucial challenges in the design of RuO-based electrocatalysts. Extensive efforts have proven that incorporating foreign metal/non-metal dopants into RuO is an extremely practical and effective strategy for boosting RuO. In this review, an overview of mechanisms of acidic OER and classification of the doping forms is first provided. Subsequently, a comprehensive review of RuO-based electrocatalysts with various doping types is presented, along with the underlying mechanisms that facilitate breaking the trade-off between activity and stability. Finally, our insights into current challenges and future research trends are proposed for developing robust RuO-based electrocatalysts toward acidic OER.
高活性且耐用的析氧反应（OER）酸性电催化剂是具有成本效益的质子交换膜水电解槽的关键组成部分。金红石相RuO₂作为一种酸性OER电催化剂受到了广泛关注，因为与IrO₂相比，其成本更低且活性相似。然而，由于Ru不可逆地过度氧化成可溶性RuO₄²⁻物种，RuO₂在高电位下经常会遭受严重溶解甚至结构坍塌，导致性能急剧下降。因此，抑制Ru溶解并提高本征活性是设计RuO₂基电催化剂的关键挑战。大量研究表明，将外来金属/非金属掺杂剂引入RuO₂是提高RuO₂性能的一种极其实用且有效的策略。在这篇综述中，首先概述了酸性OER的机理以及掺杂形式的分类。随后，对具有各种掺杂类型的RuO₂基电催化剂进行了全面综述，并阐述了有助于打破活性与稳定性之间权衡的潜在机制。最后，针对开发用于酸性OER的稳健RuO₂基电催化剂，提出了我们对当前挑战和未来研究趋势的见解。
