Hildebrand Karys M, Hildebrand Kurt N, Salazar Arcila Carolina, Marritt Kayla, Rajwani Jahanara, Elmi Assadzadeh Golpira, Dufour Antoine, Jirik Frank R, Monument Michael J
Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
McCaig Bone and Joint Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Oncoimmunology. 2025 Dec;14(1):2534912. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2025.2534912. Epub 2025 Jul 22.
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are aggressive high-fatality cancers that affect children and adults. Most STS subtypes harbor an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and respond poorly to immunotherapy. Therapies capable of dismantling the immunosuppressive TME are needed to improve sensitivity to emerging immunotherapies. Activation of the Stimulator of INterferon Genes (STING) pathway has shown promising anti-tumor effects in preclinical models of carcinoma, but evaluations in sarcoma are lacking. Herein, we sought to examine the immune modulation and therapeutic efficacy of three translational small molecule STING agonists in an immunologically cold model of STS. Three classes of STING agonists, ML RR-S2 CDA, MSA-2, and E7766 were evaluated in an orthotopic KrasG12D/+ Trp53-/- model of STS. Dose titration survival studies, cytokine serology, and tumor immune phenotyping were used to examine STING agonist efficacy following intra-tumoral treatment. All STING agonists significantly increased survival time, however, only E7766 resulted in durable tumor clearance, inducing CD8+ T-cell infiltration and activated lymphocyte transcriptomic signatures in the TME. Antibody depletion was used to assess the dependency of treatment responses on CD8+ T-cells, showing that in their absence, tumor clearance did not occur following E7766 therapy. Using STING deficient mice, and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, we demonstrated that STS clearance following STING therapy was dependent on host STING and not tumor-intrinsic STING pathway functionality. E7766 represents a promising candidate able to remodel the TME of murine STS tumors toward an inflamed phenotype independent of tumor-intrinsic STING functionality, and should be considered for potential translation in STS treatment.
软组织肉瘤(STS)是侵袭性的高致死性癌症,会影响儿童和成人。大多数STS亚型具有免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境(TME),对免疫疗法反应不佳。需要能够消除免疫抑制性TME的疗法来提高对新兴免疫疗法的敏感性。干扰素基因刺激物(STING)通路的激活在癌的临床前模型中已显示出有前景的抗肿瘤作用,但在肉瘤中的评估尚缺乏。在此,我们试图在免疫冷型STS模型中研究三种可转化的小分子STING激动剂的免疫调节和治疗效果。在STS的原位KrasG12D/+ Trp53-/-模型中评估了三类STING激动剂,即ML RR-S2 CDA、MSA-2和E7766。剂量滴定生存研究、细胞因子血清学和肿瘤免疫表型分析用于检查瘤内治疗后STING激动剂的疗效。所有STING激动剂均显著延长了生存时间,然而,只有E7766导致了持久的肿瘤清除,诱导了CD8+ T细胞浸润并激活了TME中的淋巴细胞转录组特征。抗体清除用于评估治疗反应对CD8+ T细胞的依赖性,结果表明在缺乏CD8+ T细胞的情况下,E7766治疗后未发生肿瘤清除。使用STING缺陷小鼠以及CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑,我们证明STING治疗后的STS清除依赖于宿主STING,而非肿瘤内在的STING通路功能。E7766是一个有前景的候选药物,能够将小鼠STS肿瘤的TME重塑为炎症表型,且不依赖于肿瘤内在的STING功能,应考虑在STS治疗中进行潜在转化。
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