Agxt2l介导的滋养细胞甘油磷脂代谢解释了意大利蜜蜂蜂王比中华蜜蜂蜂王产卵量更高的原因。

Agxt2l-mediated glycerophospholipid metabolism in trophocytes explains Apis mellifera queen's higher oviposition over A. cerana.

作者信息

Pan Luxia, Wang Zilong, Zhong Shiqing, Xu Tianyu, Chen Weixuan, Cheng Fuping, Zeng Zhijiang

机构信息

Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.

Laboratory Animal Science and Technology Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China.

出版信息

Commun Biol. 2025 Jul 23;8(1):1091. doi: 10.1038/s42003-025-08526-6.

DOI:10.1038/s42003-025-08526-6

PMID:40695985

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12284031/

Abstract

Apis mellifera and Apis cerana are two important honey bee species widely kept and studied. But their queens differ greatly in egg-laying capacity. To determine the mechanisms of this difference, we compare gene expression, chromatin accessibility and spatial localization of differential genes in the ovaries of the two species in virgin queens and laying queens using ATAC-seq, RNA-Seq, homologous gene alignment and spatial transcriptome. The results reconfirm that the egg-laying capability of A. mellifera queens is significantly higher than that of A. cerana queens. The chromatin accessibility and nutrient cells ratio of A. mellifera queens are higher than those of A. cerana queens. Further investigations reveal that agxt2l (LOC408817) is significantly over-expressed in the ovaries of A. mellifera queens compared to A. cerana queens and is crucial for ovary development. Moreover, agxt2l can increase the phospholipid content in ovarian nutrient cells through the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway to promote embryo formation and is regulated by brc-z1 (LOC552255). These findings suggest that the brc-z1-agxt2l signal pathway causes increased egg-laying in the queens of A. mellifera compared to the queens of A. cerana by accelerating lipid synthesis due to heightened glycerophospholipid metabolism.

摘要

意大利蜜蜂和中华蜜蜂是两种被广泛饲养和研究的重要蜜蜂品种。但它们的蜂王在产卵能力上有很大差异。为了确定这种差异的机制，我们使用ATAC-seq、RNA-Seq、同源基因比对和空间转录组技术，比较了处女蜂王和产卵蜂王卵巢中两种蜜蜂的基因表达、染色质可及性以及差异基因的空间定位。结果再次证实，意大利蜜蜂蜂王的产卵能力显著高于中华蜜蜂蜂王。意大利蜜蜂蜂王的染色质可及性和营养细胞比例高于中华蜜蜂蜂王。进一步研究发现，与中华蜜蜂蜂王相比，agxt2l（LOC408817）在意大利蜜蜂蜂王的卵巢中显著过表达，并且对卵巢发育至关重要。此外，agxt2l可以通过甘油磷脂代谢途径增加卵巢营养细胞中的磷脂含量，以促进胚胎形成，并且受brc-z1（LOC552255）调控。这些发现表明，与中华蜜蜂蜂王相比，brc-z1-agxt2l信号通路通过加速甘油磷脂代谢导致脂质合成增加，从而使意大利蜜蜂蜂王的产卵量增加。