Nemchenko U М, Belkova N L, Klimenko E S, Smurova N E, Zugeeva R E, Sinkov V V, Savilov E D
Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia.
Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii. 2025 Jul;29(4):594-599. doi: 10.18699/vjgb-25-62.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading causes of nosocomial respiratory tract infections and plays an important role in lower respiratory tract infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Biofilms, which are organized cell clusters, ensure the survival of microorganisms in unfavorable environmental conditions and contribute to the chronicity of infection and the formation of persistent forms. The aim of this study was to determine the phenotypic ability and genetic potential for biofilm formation in clinical strains of P. aeruginosa persisting in patients with CF against the background of constant intake of antimicrobial drugs. Bacteriological, genetic, and bioinformatic methods were used to characterize five P. aeruginosa strains obtained from patients with CF. Phenotypically, all strains were classified as moderately biofilm-forming, while the biofilm formation coefficient varied from 2.10 to 3.15. Analysis of draft genomes revealed differences in the representation of some genes or individual loci of three of the four known signaling pathways (cAMP/Vfr, Gac/Rsm, and c-di-GMP) that have been described in P. aeruginosa genomes and are related to the regulation of biofilm formation. In addition, differences in the representation of genes such as frzE, tcpE, and rcsC are shown. Of undoubted interest is the analysis of genes such as pppA, icmF, clpV1, trpE, trpG, and stp1, which are used for extended multilocus typing PubMLST and differed in the structure of loci in all analyzed strains. These genes can be used to identify clinical strains of P. aeruginosa and to characterize their biofilm-forming properties. Thus, genes potentially participating in both biofilm formation and regulation have been characterized in the genomes of clinical P. aeruginosa strains that persist for a long time in patients receiving continuous antibiotic therapy. Characterization of the genetic potential for biofilm formation makes it possible to search for reliable genetic markers of this process in order to monitor the evolution of the pathogen as a result of long-term persistence in the host organism.
铜绿假单胞菌是医院获得性呼吸道感染的主要病因之一，在囊性纤维化（CF）患者的下呼吸道感染中起重要作用。生物膜是有组织的细胞簇，可确保微生物在不利环境条件下存活，并有助于感染的慢性化和持续形式的形成。本研究的目的是确定在持续摄入抗菌药物背景下，CF患者体内持续存在的铜绿假单胞菌临床菌株形成生物膜的表型能力和遗传潜力。采用细菌学、遗传学和生物信息学方法对从CF患者分离得到的5株铜绿假单胞菌进行特征分析。表型上，所有菌株均被归类为中度生物膜形成菌，生物膜形成系数在2.10至3.15之间。草图基因组分析显示，在铜绿假单胞菌基因组中已描述的、与生物膜形成调控相关的四个已知信号通路（cAMP/Vfr、Gac/Rsm和c-di-GMP）中的三个，其某些基因或单个位点的呈现存在差异。此外，还显示了frzE、tcpE和rcsC等基因呈现的差异。毫无疑问，对pppA、icmF、clpV1、trpE、trpG和stp1等基因的分析很有意义，这些基因用于扩展多位点分型PubMLST，且在所有分析菌株中的位点结构不同。这些基因可用于鉴定铜绿假单胞菌临床菌株并表征其生物膜形成特性。因此，在接受持续抗生素治疗的患者体内长期存在的临床铜绿假单胞菌菌株基因组中，已对可能参与生物膜形成和调控的基因进行了表征。生物膜形成遗传潜力的表征使得有可能寻找该过程可靠的遗传标记，以便监测病原体在宿主体内长期存在导致的进化情况。
