Tsai Chung-Che, Chu Tin-Yi, Hsu Po-Chih, Kuo Chan-Yen
Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan.
Department of Dentistry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2025 Apr 7;47(4):254. doi: 10.3390/cimb47040254.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent synovial inflammation, joint destruction, and systemic complications. The nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a pivotal role in RA pathogenesis by driving the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and exacerbating oxidative stress. Recent studies identified methyl canthin-6-one-2-carboxylate (Cant) as a potential therapeutic agent that modulates the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. This review explores the mechanistic role of Cant in RA treatment, particularly its effect on oxidative stress, synovial macrophages, and inflammatory signaling pathways. Additionally, we discuss alternative and complementary approaches, such as gut microbiota modulation and mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies, in the management of RA. Although preliminary findings suggest that Cant exhibits promising anti-inflammatory effects, further preclinical and clinical studies are necessary to validate its therapeutic efficacy. Future research should focus on optimizing dosage, exploring combination therapies, and elucidating the broader implications of targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome for RA treatment.
类风湿性关节炎（RA）是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病，其特征为持续性滑膜炎症、关节破坏和全身并发症。核苷酸结合结构域富含亮氨酸重复序列家族含pyrin结构域3（NLRP3）炎性小体通过驱动促炎细胞因子的释放和加剧氧化应激在RA发病机制中起关键作用。最近的研究确定甲基坎替辛-6-酮-2-羧酸酯（Cant）是一种调节NLRP3炎性小体途径的潜在治疗剂。本综述探讨了Cant在RA治疗中的作用机制，特别是其对氧化应激、滑膜巨噬细胞和炎症信号通路的影响。此外，我们还讨论了在RA管理中的替代和补充方法，如肠道微生物群调节和基于间充质干细胞的疗法。尽管初步研究结果表明Cant具有有前景的抗炎作用，但仍需要进一步的临床前和临床研究来验证其治疗效果。未来的研究应集中在优化剂量、探索联合疗法以及阐明靶向NLRP3炎性小体对RA治疗的更广泛影响。
