Kádár A, Björkerud S
Pathol Res Pract. 1985 Oct;180(4):342-7. doi: 10.1016/S0344-0338(85)80103-5.
The main feature of an atherosclerotic plaque is the formation of a new tissue in the arteries. In this respect atherosclerosis is similar to other conditions where non-neoplastic tissue formation occurs like in embryogenesis, in healing or in repair processes. A progressive intimal thickening occurs in the early phase of human atherosclerotic lesions and also in certain experimental models. Long-standing aortic intimal thickening could be induced by mechanical injury to the inner surface of the aorta with a microsurgical instrument, which causes controlled endothelial denudation. The injury is followed by an arterial remodeling. The latter process is caused by the development of an intimal plaque which consists of two main components: the smooth muscle cell (SMC) and the intercellular matrix. The matrix components are mostly synthetized by the SMC. Two distinct SMC populations could be distinguished by morphological means in the intimal proliferation: the synthetizing type and the proliferating type. Their role will be discussed and their morphological appearance will be compared with SMC present in other lesions.
动脉粥样硬化斑块的主要特征是动脉中形成新组织。在这方面，动脉粥样硬化类似于其他发生非肿瘤性组织形成的情况，如胚胎发育、愈合或修复过程。在人类动脉粥样硬化病变的早期阶段以及某些实验模型中都会出现渐进性内膜增厚。使用显微手术器械对主动脉内表面进行机械损伤可诱发长期的主动脉内膜增厚，这种损伤会导致可控的内皮剥脱。损伤后会发生动脉重塑。后一过程是由内膜斑块的形成引起的，该斑块由两个主要成分组成：平滑肌细胞（SMC）和细胞间基质。基质成分大多由SMC合成。在内膜增殖中，通过形态学方法可以区分出两种不同的SMC群体：合成型和增殖型。将讨论它们的作用，并将它们的形态外观与其他病变中存在的SMC进行比较。
