Schild Carlos O, Nyaoke Akinyi, Asin Javier, Henderson Eileen E, Blea Jeff A, Stover Susan M, Uzal Francisco A
California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, San Bernardino branch, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
California Horse Racing Board, Arcadia, CA, USA.
J Vet Diagn Invest. 2025 Jul 23:10406387251336267. doi: 10.1177/10406387251336267.
Radial fractures are relatively uncommon (0-1%) injuries in postmortem studies of racehorses, and few cases have been published. We describe here a series of 42 cases of radial fractures observed in California racehorses. Autopsy findings from all racehorses submitted for postmortem examination between 2006 July 1 and 2022 June 30 that had a recorded radial fracture were evaluated. We included 42 horses (30 Thoroughbreds, 12 Quarter Horses), most of which were 3-5-y-old. Catastrophic radial fracture was observed in 30 (71%) horses; in the remaining 12 (29%) horses, the fracture of the radius was considered an incidental finding. All of the catastrophic radial fractures were complete, displaced, and comminuted; 70% were articular and 30% were non-articular; 61% were open and 39% were closed; 83% were diaphyseal to distal epiphyseal and 17% were proximal epiphyseal. Nine of the 30 horses with catastrophic fracture had a preexisting periosteal callus associated with the main line of fracture. Among Quarter Horse racehorses, the frequency of callus in radial fractures tended to be higher ( = 0.083) in 3-y-olds compared with other ages. In 6 of these 9 cases, the callus was located along the cranial aspect of the distal third of the diaphysis. All incidental cases consisted of osteochondral fragmentations, which occurred most frequently on the cranial border of the intermediate facet of the distal articular surface of the radius. Knowledge of the common sites of stress fractures or osteochondral stress remodeling in the radius can help to focus autopsies and to improve the characterization and interpretation of those lesions.
在赛马的尸检研究中，桡骨骨折相对少见（0 - 1%），且发表的病例很少。我们在此描述了在加利福尼亚赛马中观察到的一系列42例桡骨骨折病例。对2006年7月1日至2022年6月30日期间提交进行尸检且有记录的桡骨骨折的所有赛马的尸检结果进行了评估。我们纳入了42匹马（30匹纯种马，12匹夸特马），其中大多数为3 - 5岁。30匹马（71%）观察到灾难性桡骨骨折；其余12匹马（29%）的桡骨骨折被视为偶然发现。所有灾难性桡骨骨折均为完全性、移位性和粉碎性骨折；70%为关节内骨折，30%为非关节内骨折；61%为开放性骨折，39%为闭合性骨折；83%为骨干至远端骨骺骨折，17%为近端骨骺骨折。30例灾难性骨折的马中有9例在主要骨折线处有先前存在的骨膜骨痂。在夸特马中，3岁马桡骨骨折的骨痂发生率与其他年龄相比往往更高（ = 0.083）。在这9例中的6例中，骨痂位于骨干远端三分之一的颅侧。所有偶然病例均为骨软骨碎片，最常发生在桡骨远端关节面中间小面的颅侧边缘。了解桡骨应力性骨折或骨软骨应力重塑的常见部位有助于集中进行尸检，并改善对这些病变的特征描述和解释。
