Metabolic reprogramming and functional crosstalk within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and A Multi-omics anticancer approach.

Tumors are characterized by a complex interplay of various cell types, each contributing to the unique metabolic landscape of the tumor microenvironment (TME). The key metabolic interactions explored within the TME include nutrient competition, symbiotic nutrient exchange, and the role of metabolites as signaling messengers. Metabolic flexibility allows cancer cells to survive and proliferate even under harsh conditions, such as hypoxia and nutrient deprivation. Recent advances highlight that tumors possess inherent metabolic heterogeneity, underpinning the intricate web of intra- and extra- tumoral metabolic connections. Harnessing the power of multi-omics approaches offers unprecedented insights into this metabolic diversity, paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies targeting the metabolic crosstalk within the tumor microenvironment. Multi-omics approaches, integrating genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics data, provide a comprehensive view of tumor metabolism. This holistic approach allows for the identification of key metabolic pathways and regulatory networks that drive tumor progression, as well as potential vulnerabilities that can be exploited for therapeutic intervention. In this review, we discuss the metabolic symphony within the TME, the intricacies of tumor metabolism through multi-omics methodologies, and the prospects of devising innovative and effective cancer therapeutic strategies.