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与干眼相关的泪液生物标志物基质金属蛋白酶-2（MMP-2）、基质金属蛋白酶-13（MMP-13）和干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）：Ⅲ型急性后天性共同性内斜视的潜在预测指标。

Dry eye-related tear biomarkers MMP-2, MMP-13, and IFN-γ: potential predictors of Type III acute acquired concomitant esotropia.

作者信息

Lin Yijun, Tang Shumin, Wei Wei, Zheng Weidong, Huang Libin

机构信息

Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.

Department of Ophthalmology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China.

出版信息

Eur J Med Res. 2025 Jul 24;30(1):663. doi: 10.1186/s40001-025-02941-5.

DOI:10.1186/s40001-025-02941-5

PMID:40707963

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE) causes diplopia and asthenopia, severely affecting quality of life. This study aimed to explore the association between dry eye (DE) tear film biomarkers and Type III AACE.

METHODS

We enrolled 52 patients (52 eyes) with Type III AACE and 50 controls (50 eyes). Assessments included tear meniscus height (TMH), tear film non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), Schirmer's test (ST), and the Dry Eye-Related Quality of Life Score (DEQS). Tear samples were analyzed for cytokine levels using a multiplex immunoassay. Logistic regression analyses identified risk factors, and a random forest classifier evaluated predictive performance.

RESULTS

Patients with Type III AACE without DE showed significantly reduced NIBUT and elevated levels of cytokines (e.g., MMP-2, MMP-13, and IFN-γ) compared to normal controls (all P < 0.05). Near-distance work duration showed a moderate positive correlation with Galectin-3 (r = 0.64, P < 0.05). MMP-2, MMP-13, and IFN-γ were identified as independent risk factors (arear under the curve (AUC): 0.91, 0.91, 0.94). The random forest model achieved an AUC of 1.00.

CONCLUSION

Elevated tear levels of MMP-2, MMP-13, and IFN-γ were strongly associated with Type III AACE, highlighting their potential as predictive biomarkers.

摘要

背景

急性后天性共同性内斜视（AACE）会导致复视和视疲劳，严重影响生活质量。本研究旨在探讨干眼（DE）泪膜生物标志物与III型AACE之间的关联。

方法

我们纳入了52例III型AACE患者（52只眼）和50名对照者（50只眼）。评估指标包括泪河高度（TMH）、泪膜无创破裂时间（NIBUT）、角膜荧光素染色（CFS）、泪液分泌试验（ST）以及干眼相关生活质量评分（DEQS）。使用多重免疫测定法分析泪液样本中的细胞因子水平。逻辑回归分析确定危险因素，随机森林分类器评估预测性能。

结果

与正常对照组相比，无干眼的III型AACE患者的NIBUT显著降低，细胞因子（如基质金属蛋白酶-2、基质金属蛋白酶-13和干扰素-γ）水平升高（所有P<0.05）。近距离工作时长与半乳糖凝集素-3呈中度正相关（r=0.64，P<0.05）。基质金属蛋白酶-2、基质金属蛋白酶-13和干扰素-γ被确定为独立危险因素（曲线下面积（AUC）：0.91、0.91、0.94）。随机森林模型的AUC为1.00。