Penichet-Tomas Alfonso, Calavia-Carbajal Sergio, Pueo Basilio, Villalon-Gasch Lamberto
Health, Physical Activity and Sports Technology (HEALTH-TECH), Department of General and Specific Didactics, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain.
Faculty of Education, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain.
Int J Exerc Sci. 2025 Jun 1;18(7):610-621. doi: 10.70252/RFXJ1471. eCollection 2025.
Rowing requires strength, endurance, and technique, where stroke efficiency depends on body mechanics, movement sequencing, and stroke rate, which impact speed transfer. This cross-sectional study investigates the role of kinematic differences in stroke mechanics as a key component of performance analysis in Olympic and Traditional rowing. Thirteen elite national-level female rowers (age: 26.9 ± 5.1 years; body mass: 60.6 ± 6.9 kg; height: 166.7 ± 6.7 cm) performed three stroke-rate conditions on two ergometer setups: an Olympic rowing ergometer and a modified ergometer with a static seat replicating Traditional rowing. The stroke rates included 18 spm (120 s), 24 spm (100 s), and 30 spm (60 s), with 2-minute rest intervals between sets. Kinematic data, including leg and trunk angles at the catch and finish, as well as leg, trunk, and arm velocities, were captured using an automated analysis system. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant interactions between rowing modality and stroke rate for leg catch angle ( =0.254; =0.05), trunk finish angle ( =0.352; =0.013), leg velocity ( =0.624; <0.001), trunk velocity ( =0.665; <0.001), and arm velocity ( =0.348; =0.014). These findings emphasize distinct biomechanical patterns between modalities, which are crucial for technical optimization and individualized training. Performance analysis of angles and velocities provides valuable insights into improving rowing efficiency and addressing technical deficiencies in each modality.
赛艇运动需要力量、耐力和技巧，其中划桨效率取决于身体力学、动作顺序和划桨频率，这些因素会影响速度传递。这项横断面研究调查了划桨力学中运动学差异作为奥运会赛艇和传统赛艇性能分析关键组成部分的作用。13名国家级精英女子赛艇运动员（年龄：26.9±5.1岁；体重：60.6±6.9千克；身高：166.7±6.7厘米）在两种测力计设置上进行了三种划桨频率条件的测试：一台奥运会赛艇测力计和一台带有静态座椅的改良测力计，以模拟传统赛艇。划桨频率包括18转/分钟（120秒）、24转/分钟（100秒）和30转/分钟（60秒），每组之间有2分钟的休息间隔。使用自动分析系统采集运动学数据，包括抓水和结束时的腿部和躯干角度，以及腿部、躯干和手臂的速度。双向重复测量方差分析显示，在腿部抓水角度（F = 0.254；p = 0.05）、躯干结束角度（F = 0.352；p = 0.013）、腿部速度（F = 0.624；p < 0.001）、躯干速度（F = 0.665；p < 0.001）和手臂速度（F = 0.348；p = 0.014）方面，划桨方式和划桨频率之间存在显著交互作用。这些发现强调了不同划桨方式之间独特的生物力学模式，这对于技术优化和个性化训练至关重要。角度和速度的性能分析为提高赛艇效率和解决每种划桨方式中的技术缺陷提供了有价值的见解。
