Research Group in Health, Physical Activity, and Sports Technology (Health-Tech), Faculty of Education, University of Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 18;20(4):3664. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043664.
Maximum oxygen consumption and maximum power output are critical measures for training prescription in endurance sports such as rowing. The objective of this investigation was twofold: to compare the physiological and mechanical responses of female and male traditional rowers during a graded exercise test and to establish reference values in this specific rowing modality that have not yet been documented, unlike in Olympic rowing. Twenty-one highly trained/national level rowers participated in the study: 11 female (age: 30.1 ± 10.6 years, height: 167.3 ± 5.0 cm, body mass: 61.9 ± 4.9 kg) and 10 males (age: 33.5 ± 6.6 years, height: 180.8 ± 6.9 cm, body mass: 74.4 ± 6.9 kg). Significant differences ( < 0.05) were found in rowing performance between sexes, with a very large effect size ( = 7.2). The peak power output for the female rowers was 180.9 ± 11.4 W and 287.0 ± 17.7 W for the male rowers. The female rowers reached a VO of 51.2 ± 6.6 mL/kg/min at a mean of 174.5 ± 12.9 W, while the males' VO was 62.1 ± 4.7 mL/kg/min at a mean of 280.0 ± 20.5 W. These differences in VO and maximal aerobic capacity were significant ( < 0.05), with a large ( = 1.9) and very large ( = 6.2) effect size, respectively. A moderate association between VO and rowing performance expressed in watts per kilogram of muscle mass was observed in the female rowers ( = 0.40, = 0.228). For the male rowers, the correlation between VO and relative peak power output in watts per kilogram of body mass was strong ( = 0.68; = 0.031). This study highlights the differences in the kinetics of ventilatory and mechanical parameters between female and male rowers and the importance of these differences for specific physical preparation in traditional rowing.
最大摄氧量和最大功率输出是划船等耐力运动训练处方的关键指标。本研究的目的有两个：一是比较女子和男子传统划船运动员在递增负荷运动测试中的生理和机械反应；二是在特定的划船模式中建立尚未记录的参考值，这与奥林匹克划船不同。21 名高水平/国家级划船运动员参加了这项研究：11 名女性（年龄：30.1 ± 10.6 岁，身高：167.3 ± 5.0cm，体重：61.9 ± 4.9kg）和 10 名男性（年龄：33.5 ± 6.6 岁，身高：180.8 ± 6.9cm，体重：74.4 ± 6.9kg）。性别之间的划船表现存在显著差异（<0.05），效应量非常大（=7.2）。女性划船运动员的峰值功率输出为 180.9 ± 11.4W，男性划船运动员的峰值功率输出为 287.0 ± 17.7W。女性划船运动员的 VO 达到 51.2 ± 6.6mL/kg/min，平均功率输出为 174.5 ± 12.9W，而男性 VO 达到 62.1 ± 4.7mL/kg/min，平均功率输出为 280.0 ± 20.5W。这些 VO 和最大有氧能力的差异具有统计学意义（<0.05），效应量分别为大（=1.9）和非常大（=6.2）。女性划船运动员的 VO 与以肌肉质量为单位的划船表现呈中度相关（=0.40，=0.228）。对于男性划船运动员，VO 与以体重为单位的相对峰值功率输出之间的相关性很强（=0.68；=0.031）。本研究强调了女性和男性划船运动员在呼吸动力学和机械参数方面的差异，以及这些差异对传统划船专项体能准备的重要性。
