Liu Shixian, Zhu Meijun, Yi Caiying, Zeng Dongmei
Department of Pediatric Neurological Rehabilitation, Ganzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China.
Front Pediatr. 2025 Jul 10;13:1576324. doi: 10.3389/fped.2025.1576324. eCollection 2025.
The proactive action taken towards delays in global development is presumed to be key in enhancing the development of a child who possesses developmental difficulties. This article provides a review on the effectiveness and various impacts of different forms of early initiatives taken on multiple developmental stages. This review focuses on the results and changes brought forward through various intervention strategies such as physical therapy, occupational and speech therapy, as well as psychological interventions using research evidence available. Early action has a meaningful impact on the development of motor functions, cognitive abilities, social skills, language skills, and skills related to socialisation. Physical therapy is most effective in enhancing motor development when these interventions are provided within a particular scheme of evidence-based practices. Approaches in occupational therapy are greatly beneficial in enhancing independence and daily living skills for children. Demonstration-based speech therapy have increasingly favourable results in both understanding and using language, especially when surrounding intervention programmes work within detail. Along with other critical issues, the review focuses on elements affecting the effectiveness of the intervention, including factors related to the intervention, individual aspects, and the environment. The research outcomes underline the needs for family-centred and holistic approaches to early intervention and its ramifications on family and social systems. Attention is paid to service intensity, timing of the intervention, and the use of several treatment methods as instrumental in achieving the best possible developmental results. Service accessibility and other socio-cultural factors constitute other important environmental aspects that influence the success of an intervention. The findings support the necessity of adopting appropriate stakeholders in the intervention planning while observing proper practices and evaluations. From the review, we can determine that early detection and intervention are necessary to ensure optimal developmental outcomes. Evidence suggests that a thorough, integrated approach to intervention, if employed with adequate degrees of intensity and family inclusion, can greatly improve development in many areas. These findings are essential to clinical practice, service models, and policies regarding early intervention services.
对全球发展延迟采取的积极行动被认为是促进有发育困难儿童发展的关键。本文综述了不同形式的早期举措在多个发育阶段的有效性及各种影响。本综述聚焦于通过各种干预策略所带来的结果和变化,如物理治疗、职业治疗和言语治疗,以及利用现有研究证据的心理干预。早期行动对运动功能、认知能力、社交技能、语言技能以及与社交相关技能的发展具有重要影响。当在特定的循证实践方案内提供这些干预措施时,物理治疗在促进运动发育方面最为有效。职业治疗方法对提高儿童的独立性和日常生活技能非常有益。基于示范的言语治疗在理解和使用语言方面越来越有良好效果,尤其是当周围的干预计划详细实施时。除其他关键问题外,本综述还关注影响干预效果的因素,包括与干预、个体方面和环境相关的因素。研究结果强调了以家庭为中心的整体早期干预方法的必要性及其对家庭和社会系统的影响。关注服务强度、干预时机以及使用多种治疗方法对取得最佳发育成果的作用。服务可及性和其他社会文化因素构成影响干预成功的其他重要环境方面。研究结果支持在干预规划中采用适当利益相关者并遵循适当实践和评估的必要性。从综述中我们可以确定,早期发现和干预对于确保最佳发育结果是必要的。有证据表明,如果以足够的强度和家庭参与度采用全面、综合的干预方法,可以在许多领域极大地改善发育情况。这些发现对于早期干预服务的临床实践、服务模式和政策至关重要。