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双重威胁:同时出现非ST段抬高型心肌梗死和短暂性脑缺血发作症状,提示三支冠状动脉疾病

A Double Threat: Concurrent Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Transient Ischemic Attack Symptoms Revealing Triple-Vessel Coronary Artery Disease.

作者信息

Lin Roger, Regmi Milan

机构信息

Internal Medicine, Southeast Health Medical Center, Dothan, USA.

出版信息

Cureus. 2025 Jul 23;17(7):e88628. doi: 10.7759/cureus.88628. eCollection 2025 Jul.

Abstract

Impaired ventricular wall motion and reduced ejection fraction after an acute myocardial infarction promote blood stasis - especially in hypokinetic or akinetic segments - activating coagulation pathways, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation. Concurrent endothelial injury from ischemia further exposes thrombogenic surfaces, and if the thrombus embolizes, it can trigger serious neurologic events such as stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). We describe the case of a 56-year-old man with hypertension and methamphetamine use who presented with chest pain, dyspnea, and transient left-sided weakness. Work-up revealed elevated troponin, severely calcified triple-vessel coronary disease, and an apical mural thrombus with an ejection fraction of 45%, confirmed on transthoracic echocardiography, with subsequent paroxysmal atrial flutter. Methamphetamine use, known to accelerate atherosclerosis and heighten thromboembolic risk, likely compounded his coronary disease. The patient was anticoagulated with enoxaparin, bridging to warfarin, and discharged for follow-up imaging and surgical evaluation. This case highlights the need for heightened vigilance, prompt anticoagulation, and thorough cardiac evaluation for mural thrombus and embolic complications in methamphetamine-associated myocardial injury, even when initial cerebrovascular imaging is negative.

摘要

急性心肌梗死后心室壁运动受损和射血分数降低会促进血液淤滞,尤其是在运动减弱或无运动的节段,从而激活凝血途径、血小板聚集和血栓形成。同时,缺血导致的内皮损伤会进一步暴露血栓形成表面,如果血栓发生栓塞,可能引发严重的神经事件,如中风或短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)。我们描述了一名56岁男性患者的病例,该患者有高血压且使用甲基苯丙胺,出现胸痛、呼吸困难和左侧短暂性无力。检查发现肌钙蛋白升高、严重钙化的三支血管冠状动脉疾病以及经胸超声心动图证实的射血分数为45%的心尖部壁血栓,随后出现阵发性心房扑动。已知使用甲基苯丙胺会加速动脉粥样硬化并增加血栓栓塞风险,这可能使他的冠状动脉疾病更加复杂。该患者接受了依诺肝素抗凝治疗,并过渡到华法林,出院后进行随访成像和手术评估。该病例强调,即使初始脑血管成像为阴性,对于甲基苯丙胺相关心肌损伤中的壁血栓和栓塞并发症,也需要提高警惕、及时抗凝并进行全面的心脏评估。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4e2/12286899/97633b5e3930/cureus-0017-00000088628-i01.jpg

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