Wang Tianyu, Lan Qingsu, Deng Haonan, Han Wenqiang, Zhang Runtian, Zhong Jingquan
Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Jinan, China.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2025 Jul 10;12:1570008. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1570008. eCollection 2025.
There exists a complex relationship between gut microbiota and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). On one hand, the plasma levels of various metabolites produced by gut microbiota, such as trimethylamine n-oxide (TMAO), short-chain fatty acid (SFCA), bile acid (BA), are closely related to the occurrence and development of CVD. On the other hand, CVD can affect gut microbiota, leading to gut microbiota dysbiosis or metabolic changes. Cardiovascular drugs are the cornerstone of treating CVD, especially oral medications that play an indispensable role in the long-term treatment of chronic CVD. Increasing research suggests that drugs entering the gastrointestinal environment interact with gut microbiota. Due to the individual differences in gut microbiota, the exploration of its mechanisms is insufficient. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize the interactions between various common cardiovascular drugs and gut microbiota, and to highlight the impact of the gut microbiota on the therapeutical effects and side effects of cardiovascular drugs.
肠道微生物群与心血管疾病（CVD）之间存在复杂的关系。一方面，肠道微生物群产生的各种代谢产物，如氧化三甲胺（TMAO）、短链脂肪酸（SFCA）、胆汁酸（BA）的血浆水平与CVD的发生和发展密切相关。另一方面，CVD可影响肠道微生物群，导致肠道微生物群失调或代谢变化。心血管药物是治疗CVD的基石，尤其是口服药物在慢性CVD的长期治疗中发挥着不可或缺的作用。越来越多的研究表明，进入胃肠道环境的药物会与肠道微生物群相互作用。由于肠道微生物群存在个体差异，对其作用机制的探索还不够充分。因此，本综述的目的是总结各种常见心血管药物与肠道微生物群之间的相互作用，并强调肠道微生物群对心血管药物治疗效果和副作用的影响。
