Costa Amanda de Andrade, Farias Hildeth Maisa Torres, Martelli Daniella Reis B, Dias Verônica Oliveira, Coletta Ricardo D, Martelli Junior Hercílio
Primary Care/Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, State University of Montes Claros Claros (UNIMONTES), Montes Claros 39401-089, MG, Brazil.
Epidemiological Surveillance and Occupational Health Center, Regional Health Superintendency of Montes Claros, Montes Claros 39408-111, MG, Brazil.
Dent J (Basel). 2025 Jun 23;13(7):282. doi: 10.3390/dj13070282.
Orofacial clefts are congenital anomalies that cause substantial morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate temporal and geographic trends in mortality among Brazilian individuals with orofacial clefts listed as the underlying cause of death on death certificates. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS) from 1996 to 2023. The mortality information system registered 987 deaths related to orofacial clefts, with 880 patients under 1 year of age. There was a downward trend in annual mortality rates from 1996 to 2019, followed by an increase from 2020 to 2023. The main associated cause of death was respiratory and cardiovascular disorders. The mortality rate for infants under 1 year with orofacial clefts showed greater variation than did the mortality rate of children who died of other causes. The reduction in mortality rates from 1996 to 2019 occurred during the expansion and strengthening of DATASUS and its coordination with other levels of healthcare. The rise in mortality between 2020 and 2023 coincided with a reduction in surgical procedures due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study revealed a decline in deaths from orofacial clefts in Brazil over several decades. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing preventable causes of death, including respiratory infections and malnutrition. High mortality within the first year of life-particularly among newborns under 28 days-highlights a critical shortage of pediatricians and its impact on care for individuals with craniofacial anomalies.
口腔颌面裂是导致严重发病和死亡的先天性异常。本研究旨在调查巴西死亡证明上列出口腔颌面裂为根本死因的个体的死亡时间和地理趋势。使用巴西统一卫生系统信息部（DATASUS）1996年至2023年的数据进行了一项回顾性横断面研究。死亡信息系统记录了987例与口腔颌面裂相关的死亡病例，其中880例患者年龄在1岁以下。1996年至2019年年死亡率呈下降趋势，随后在2020年至2023年有所上升。主要相关死因是呼吸和心血管疾病。1岁以下患有口腔颌面裂的婴儿的死亡率比死于其他原因的儿童的死亡率变化更大。1996年至2019年死亡率的下降发生在DATASUS的扩张和加强及其与其他医疗保健层面的协调期间。2020年至2023年死亡率的上升与因新冠疫情导致的手术程序减少相吻合。本研究揭示了几十年来巴西口腔颌面裂死亡人数的下降。这些发现强调了解决可预防死因的重要性，包括呼吸道感染和营养不良。生命第一年尤其是28天以下新生儿的高死亡率凸显了儿科医生的严重短缺及其对颅面异常个体护理的影响。
