Ardakani Khashayar Yazdanpanah, Pepe Francesca Fulvia, Capici Serena, Clementi Thoma Dario, Cazzaniga Marina Elena
School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Phase 1 Research Center, Fondazione IRCC San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20090 Monza, Italy.
Curr Oncol. 2025 Jul 4;32(7):387. doi: 10.3390/curroncol32070387.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogenous group of breast tumors. This type of breast tumor is relatively difficult to manage, due to the lack of expression of Hormone Receptors (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2). Efforts have been made to understand the factors involved in determining how a triple-negative breast tumor responds to therapy. The standard of treatment in most cases today is a combined modality of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chemotherapy with agents such as anti-mitotic (taxanes) or DNA-damaging agents (alkylating agents, cyclophosphamides, platin salts). In this study, we investigated the predictive and prognostic factors for TNBC, in the neoadjuvant setting; understanding each patient's response before treatment initiation is crucial to guiding the subsequent approach and finally improving patient outcomes. We focused on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes at the site of the primary tumor (TILs), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), the mutational status of protein 53 (p53), and Ki-67, investigating the potential roles of these factors in predicting responses to anti-cancer agents.
三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）是一组异质性乳腺肿瘤。由于缺乏激素受体（HR）和人表皮生长因子受体（HER2）的表达，这类乳腺肿瘤相对难以治疗。人们一直在努力了解决定三阴性乳腺肿瘤对治疗反应的相关因素。如今，大多数情况下的标准治疗方法是免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）与化疗的联合方案，化疗药物包括抗有丝分裂药物（紫杉烷类）或DNA损伤剂（烷化剂、环磷酰胺、铂盐）。在本研究中，我们在新辅助治疗背景下研究了TNBC的预测和预后因素；在开始治疗前了解每位患者的反应对于指导后续治疗方法并最终改善患者预后至关重要。我们重点关注原发性肿瘤部位的肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞（TILs）、循环肿瘤细胞（CTC）、循环肿瘤DNA（ctDNA）、蛋白53（p53）的突变状态以及Ki-67，研究这些因素在预测抗癌药物反应中的潜在作用。
