Tian Jinyue, Zhang Jiaxun, Zhang Yujie, Liu Jing, Hu Yun, Liu Chang, Zhu Pengcheng, Lu Lijun, Mao Yanchao
Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2025 Jul 11;15(14):1080. doi: 10.3390/nano15141080.
Electrospun nanofiber-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as a highly promising class of self-powered sensors for a broad range of applications, particularly in intelligent sensing technologies. By combining the advantages of electrospinning and triboelectric nanogenerators, these sensors offer superior characteristics such as high sensitivity, mechanical flexibility, lightweight structure, and biocompatibility, enabling their integration into wearable electronics and biomedical interfaces. This review presents a comprehensive overview of recent progress in electrospun nanofiber-based TENGs, covering their working principles, operating modes, and material composition. Both pure polymer and composite nanofibers are discussed, along with various electrospinning techniques that enable control over morphology and performance at the nanoscale. We explore their practical implementations in both contact-type and non-contact-type sensing, such as human-machine interaction, physiological signal monitoring, gesture recognition, and voice detection. These applications demonstrate the potential of TENGs to enable intelligent, low-power, and real-time sensing systems. Furthermore, this paper points out critical challenges and future directions, including durability under long-term operation, scalable and cost-effective fabrication, and seamless integration with wireless communication and artificial intelligence technologies. With ongoing advancements in nanomaterials, fabrication techniques, and system-level integration, electrospun nanofiber-based TENGs are expected to play a pivotal role in shaping the next generation of self-powered, intelligent sensing platforms across diverse fields such as healthcare, environmental monitoring, robotics, and smart wearable systems.
基于静电纺丝纳米纤维的摩擦电纳米发电机（TENGs）已成为一类极具前景的自供电传感器，可用于广泛的应用，特别是在智能传感技术领域。通过结合静电纺丝和摩擦电纳米发电机的优点，这些传感器具有高灵敏度、机械柔韧性、轻质结构和生物相容性等卓越特性，使其能够集成到可穿戴电子产品和生物医学接口中。本文综述了基于静电纺丝纳米纤维的TENGs的最新进展，涵盖其工作原理、操作模式和材料组成。讨论了纯聚合物和复合纳米纤维，以及各种能够在纳米尺度上控制形态和性能的静电纺丝技术。我们探讨了它们在接触式和非接触式传感中的实际应用，如人机交互、生理信号监测、手势识别和语音检测。这些应用展示了TENGs实现智能、低功耗和实时传感系统的潜力。此外，本文指出了关键挑战和未来方向，包括长期运行下的耐久性、可扩展且经济高效的制造，以及与无线通信和人工智能技术的无缝集成。随着纳米材料、制造技术和系统级集成的不断进步，基于静电纺丝纳米纤维的TENGs有望在塑造下一代自供电、智能传感平台方面发挥关键作用，这些平台将应用于医疗保健、环境监测、机器人技术和智能可穿戴系统等不同领域。
