Jin Ruixin, Li Haokai, Li Xiang, Shen Maocai
School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui, 243002, PR China.
School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui, 243002, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243032, PR China.
Environ Pollut. 2025 Jul 24;383:126899. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126899.
Microplastic pollution in groundwater systems has garnered significant global attention. Understanding the factors and mechanisms that influence microplastic migration in groundwater is crucial for accurately assessing their distribution and environmental risks. As microplastic pollution in groundwater environments is a relatively new area of study, research is still in its early stages. There are limited reports on the abundance, polymer types, sizes, and other characteristics of microplastics in this field. The strong heterogeneity, complexity, and obscurity of the environment present numerous challenges for conducting related research. In this context, this article reviews the sources, distribution characteristics, potential risks, and removal strategies of microplastics in groundwater environments. It also emphasizes the existing knowledge gaps in the sampling processes and the environmental behavior of microplastics in groundwater. It systematically elucidates the factors influencing microplastic migration in groundwater and analyzes the mechanisms that affect this migration. Exploring the transport mechanisms of microplastics in groundwater aquifers is crucial for assessing their potential harm to the ecological environment and for implementing effective measures to combat microplastic pollution. Additionally, to gain a deeper understanding of the transformation behavior and environmental effects of microplastics in groundwater, a systematic summary and analysis of the current research shortcomings and deficiencies regarding microplastics in the groundwater environment will be conducted, along with a discussion of future research directions.
地下水系统中的微塑料污染已引起全球广泛关注。了解影响微塑料在地下水中迁移的因素和机制，对于准确评估其分布和环境风险至关重要。由于地下水环境中的微塑料污染是一个相对较新的研究领域，相关研究仍处于早期阶段。该领域关于微塑料的丰度、聚合物类型、尺寸及其他特征的报道有限。环境的强非均质性、复杂性和模糊性给开展相关研究带来了诸多挑战。在此背景下，本文综述了地下水环境中微塑料的来源、分布特征、潜在风险及去除策略。同时强调了微塑料在地下水采样过程及环境行为方面现有的知识空白。系统阐述了影响微塑料在地下水中迁移的因素，并分析了影响这种迁移的机制。探索微塑料在地下含水层中的运移机制，对于评估其对生态环境的潜在危害以及采取有效措施应对微塑料污染至关重要。此外，为更深入了解微塑料在地下水中的转化行为和环境影响，将对当前地下水环境中微塑料研究的不足和缺陷进行系统总结与分析，并探讨未来的研究方向。
