非裔美国成年人神经元衍生细胞外囊泡中性别特异性线粒体DNA变化：HIV感染和吸烟的影响

Sex-specific mitochondrial DNA changes in neuron-derived extracellular vesicles of African American adults: impact of HIV infection and smoking.

作者信息

Berthaud Vladimir, Smith Tarik, Amara Venkateswara R, Wilus Derek, Nouvet Franklin J, Popik Waldemar

机构信息

Meharry Community Wellness Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.

Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India.

出版信息

J Neurovirol. 2025 Jul 25. doi: 10.1007/s13365-025-01272-9.

DOI:10.1007/s13365-025-01272-9

PMID:40716004

Abstract

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in extracellular vesicles (EVs) may track HIV-related neuronal injury. We measured mtDNA copy number in neuron-derived EVs (NEVs) and total plasma EVs from 48 African American adults stratified by sex, HIV status, and smoking. NEV-mtDNA differed by group (p < 0.05): men with HIV showed the highest levels, markedly exceeding HIV-negative men and all women, while smoking raised NEV-mtDNA only in men. Plasma EV-mtDNA paralleled NEVs but was ~ 100-fold higher, reflecting systemic release. These sex-specific increases implicate HIV as a stronger mitochondrial stressor in men and support NEV-mtDNA as a convenient biomarker of neuro-mitochondrial dysfunction.

摘要

细胞外囊泡（EVs）中的线粒体DNA（mtDNA）可能追踪与HIV相关的神经元损伤。我们测量了48名按性别、HIV状态和吸烟情况分层的非裔美国成年人的神经元来源的细胞外囊泡（NEVs）和血浆总细胞外囊泡中的mtDNA拷贝数。NEV-mtDNA因组别而异（p < 0.05）：感染HIV的男性水平最高，明显超过未感染HIV的男性和所有女性，而吸烟仅使男性的NEV-mtDNA升高。血浆EV-mtDNA与NEVs情况相似，但高出约100倍，反映了全身释放。这些性别特异性增加表明HIV对男性来说是更强的线粒体应激源，并支持将NEV-mtDNA作为神经线粒体功能障碍的便捷生物标志物。