PtNPs/Prussian Blue-Modified Microelectrode Arrays for Detection of Key Neurons Regulating Hibernation State.

Studying neuronal activity during hibernation's extremely low metabolic state may offer novel solutions for metabolic disorders, stroke treatment, and space travel challenges. To explore hibernation's neural mechanisms, we developed a natural hibernation model using Siberian chipmunks. However, their characteristic weak neuronal discharge and prolonged hibernation periods necessitate electrodes with both enhanced detection sensitivity and exceptional long-term stability. We developed a new nanocomposite platinum nanoparticles/Prussian blue-modified microelectrode arrays (MEAs) aimed at solving the above difficulties. Prussian blue can react with reactive oxygen species to reduce inflammation during the detection process; therefore, MEAs achieved a high signal-to-noise ratio (15.53 ± 6.73) in the detection of individual neurons, even against weak neural activity in dormant states. We discovered that three types of neurons exhibited distinct responses to hibernation and established three-dimensional characteristics to differentiate them through algorithmic processing of the signal. Type 3 neurons discharged in the extremely low metabolic state, indicating that Type 3 neurons are critical for chipmunks to enter and maintain deep hibernation without damaging the brain. The theta frequency band of local field potentials (LFPs) rapidly increased during arousal, representing consciousness arousal, and can be used as a key signal to predict arousal. These results fill part of the research gaps in the characteristics of critical neurons during hibernation and provide a solid foundation for regulating neurons to control the body into a state of low temperature and low metabolism.