Torres Maria Karoliny da Silva, Pereira Neto Gabriel Dos Santos, Cayres Vallinoto Izaura Maria Vieira, Reis Leonardo Oliveira, Vallinoto Antonio Carlos Rosário
Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Jul 1;14(7):797. doi: 10.3390/biology14070797.
Oncogenic viruses are infectious agents that can cause cancer in humans and animals. They are estimated to be responsible for approximately 12% of human cancers worldwide. These viruses trigger a series of mechanisms that allow them to insert their genetic material into host cells, disrupting normal cellular processes and leading to uncontrolled growth and tumor formation. This article reviews the literature on the main oncogenic viruses and reports on newly identified viruses potentially associated with cancer development, addressing the mechanisms of oncogenesis and the types of cancers associated. In addition, the article brings together the evidence for preventive strategies, such as vaccination, and therapeutic advances in combating oncogenic viral infections. This review discusses the role of early detection and treatment in managing virus-related cancers globally. This article reviews current prevention and treatment strategies, including HPV and HBV vaccines and antiviral therapies, and mentions future approaches like immunotherapies and CRISPR/Cas9. Therefore, this article underscores the importance of studying the dynamics of co-infection and the role of human microbiota in viral persistence and carcinogenesis, which opens new possibilities for combination therapies and microbiome-based interventions to slow the progression of viral-related tumors.
致癌病毒是可在人类和动物中引发癌症的感染因子。据估计，它们在全球约12%的人类癌症中起作用。这些病毒引发一系列机制，使其能够将遗传物质插入宿主细胞，扰乱正常细胞过程，导致不受控制的生长和肿瘤形成。本文综述了关于主要致癌病毒的文献，并报告了新发现的可能与癌症发展相关的病毒，阐述了致癌机制及相关癌症类型。此外，本文汇集了预防策略（如疫苗接种）的证据以及对抗致癌病毒感染的治疗进展。本综述讨论了早期检测和治疗在全球管理病毒相关癌症中的作用。本文综述了当前的预防和治疗策略，包括人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）和乙肝病毒（HBV）疫苗以及抗病毒疗法，并提及了免疫疗法和CRISPR/Cas9等未来方法。因此，本文强调了研究共感染动态以及人类微生物群在病毒持续存在和致癌作用中的作用的重要性，这为联合疗法和基于微生物群的干预措施开辟了新的可能性，以减缓病毒相关肿瘤的进展。
