Liang Yidong, Zhang Ting, Cui Wei, Kuang Zhen, Xu Dongpo
National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Lower Reaches of the Changjiang River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Jul 3;14(7):807. doi: 10.3390/biology14070807.
To explore the effects of different plant combinations in ecological floating beds on water quality purification and phytoplankton community structure in shallow eutrophic lakes, we conducted a survey of phytoplankton communities within ecological floating beds featuring distinct plant combinations in Meiliang Bay, Lake Taihu, during June and August 2021. The study focuses on two combinations: EA ( + + ) and ES ( + + ). Results indicated that ecological floating beds significantly improved water quality, with the strongest restoration effects observed in the EA area. Specifically, turbidity was reduced by 47-89%, while chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration inhibition rates reached 82% in June and 54% in August. The comprehensive trophic state index (TLI) remained stable at levels indicating slight eutrophication (≤58.6). Phytoplankton community structure shifted from dominance by eutrophic functional groups (primarily FG M) toward greater diversity. In the EA area, the number of dominant functional groups increased from five (control) to six, and the abundance of the key cyanobacteria group (FG M) declined from 18.29% (control) to 7.86%. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed temporal changes in driving factors: nutrients were primary in June (explanation rate: 64.7%), while physical factors dominated in August (explanation rate: 51.2%). This study demonstrates that installing ecological floating beds with diverse plant combinations in shallow eutrophic lakes can effectively alter phytoplankton community structure and enhance in situ water restoration. Among the tested combinations, EA ( + + ) exhibited the optimal restoration effect. These findings provide a scientific basis for water environment protection and aquatic biological resource restoration in shallow eutrophic lakes.
为探究生态浮床中不同植物组合对浅水富营养化湖泊水质净化及浮游植物群落结构的影响，我们于2021年6月和8月对太湖梅梁湾具有不同植物组合的生态浮床内的浮游植物群落进行了调查。该研究聚焦于两种组合：EA（++）和ES（++）。结果表明，生态浮床显著改善了水质，其中EA区域的恢复效果最强。具体而言，浊度降低了47 - 89%，叶绿素a（Chl-a）浓度抑制率在6月达到82%，8月达到54%。综合营养状态指数（TLI）保持稳定，处于轻度富营养化水平（≤58.6）。浮游植物群落结构从以富营养功能组（主要是FG M）占主导转变为多样性更高。在EA区域，优势功能组数量从五个（对照）增加到六个，关键蓝藻组（FG M）的丰度从18.29%（对照）降至7.86%。冗余分析（RDA）揭示了驱动因素的时间变化：6月营养物质是主要因素（解释率：64.7%），而8月物理因素占主导（解释率：51.2%）。本研究表明，在浅水富营养化湖泊中安装具有不同植物组合的生态浮床可有效改变浮游植物群落结构并增强原位水质恢复。在所测试的组合中，EA（++）表现出最佳恢复效果。这些发现为浅水富营养化湖泊的环境保护和水生生物资源恢复提供了科学依据。
