Tomko Patrick M, Pelka Edward Z, Davis B Ryan, Gallagher Sydney F, McDaniel John
Exercise Science and Exercise Physiology, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA.
Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2025 Jul;45(4):e70023. doi: 10.1111/cpf.70023.
While both voluntary (VOL) and electrically stimulated (ES) contractions increase blood flow, ES induces greater oxidative stress, raising the risk of exercise induced muscle damage (EIMD), which can impair vascular function, and oxygen utilization.
We examined how ES and force-matched VOL contractions impact microvascular function and muscle oxidative capacity.
Utilizing a cross-over design, 16 healthy adults performed 40 isometric knee extensions (KE) via ES and VOL contractions. The following variables were assessed at baseline, 1 h, 24 h, and 48 h postexercise: knee extensor strength and soreness, microvascular function (hyperemic response to single passive leg movement (sPLM), and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity (SMOC) of the vastus lateralis.
Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) was lower following ES than VOL at 24 h (324.7 ± 125.8 vs. 366.8 ± 125.6 N, p = 0.01) and 48 h (308.5 ± 124.7 vs. 379.0 ± 129.0 N, p = 0.001). Soreness (p ≤ 0.02) and muscle swelling (p ≤ 0.02) were greater after ES. Vascular function, quantified as the AUC for total hyperemic response following sPLM and measured by Doppler/ultrasound, was reduced following ES at 1 h (p = 0.01) and 24 h (p = 0.002). SMOC was more impaired after ES than VOL (p ≤ 0.03). There was a 31% decrease in oxygen recovery rate 1-h post-ES, with an additional 10% decline at 24-h and 48-h (p ≤ 0.03) compared to VOL.
ES seemed to elicit EIMD, resulting in reduced MVC, impaired recovery, while affecting microvascular function and oxidative capacity.
虽然自主收缩（VOL）和电刺激收缩（ES）都会增加血流量，但ES会引发更大的氧化应激，增加运动诱导的肌肉损伤（EIMD）风险，而这种损伤会损害血管功能和氧气利用。
我们研究了ES和力量匹配的VOL收缩如何影响微血管功能和肌肉氧化能力。
采用交叉设计，16名健康成年人通过ES和VOL收缩进行40次等长膝关节伸展（KE）。在运动后基线、1小时、24小时和48小时评估以下变量：膝关节伸肌力量和酸痛感、微血管功能（对单次被动腿部运动（sPLM）的充血反应）以及股外侧肌的骨骼肌氧化能力（SMOC）。
在24小时（324.7±125.8 vs. 366.8±125.6 N，p = 0.01）和48小时（308.5±124.7 vs. 379.0±129.0 N，p = 0.001）时，ES后的最大自主收缩（MVC）低于VOL。ES后的酸痛感（p≤0.02）和肌肉肿胀（p≤0.02）更明显。通过多普勒/超声测量，以sPLM后总充血反应的曲线下面积（AUC）量化的血管功能，在ES后1小时（p = 0.01）和24小时（p = 0.002）降低。ES后的SMOC比VOL受损更严重（p≤0.03）。与VOL相比，ES后1小时氧气恢复率下降31%，在24小时和48小时又额外下降10%（p≤0.03）。
ES似乎引发了EIMD，导致MVC降低、恢复受损，同时影响微血管功能和氧化能力。
