Shekar Mv Chandra, Bhargav Hemant, Holla Bharath, Mahadevan Jayant, Singh Amit, Narasimha Venkata Lakshmi, Katla Naresh, Snigdha Atmakur, Komal S, Maheswari E, Ramachandran Padmavati, Chand Prabhat, Keshavan Matcheri, Murthy Pratima
Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2025 Jun;14(6):2502-2513. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1980_24. Epub 2025 Jun 30.
This study aimed to develop and validate the yoga-breath-linked intervention to stop smoking (Y-BLISS), a novel, scalable, and cost-effective yoga-based module for smoking cessation as an add-on to standard care.
Thirty experts from yoga, psychiatry, and clinical psychology backgrounds evaluated a selection of yoga practices and brief yoga philosophy-based psychotherapeutic (BYPP) concepts for their potential efficacy in smoking cessation using the Content Validity Ratio (CVR), with a cut-off of 0.4. The final intervention module included ten items (8 practices and 2 psychotherapeutic concepts). The module was tested over two months with 26 participants (25 males) diagnosed with tobacco use disorder as per DSM -5 and enrolled in a smoking cessation program, with Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Scale (FTND) scores of 6 or above. Participants attended 15-25 sessions (including a single BYPP session) and provided feedback on safety, feasibility, and clinical outcomes.
Sixteen subjects provided post-data at 8 weeks. The module received high safety ratings (9-10) with no adverse effects. The analysis revealed a significant reduction in FTND scores from baseline to weeks 4 and 8, F (2,14) = 13.93; < 0.01. There was also a significant improvement in peak expiratory flow rate after 8 weeks of practicing the Y-BLISS module, F (2,14) = 20.39; < 0.01. Among the practices, (alternate nostril breathing), (skull shining breath), and relaxation techniques were particularly well-received. However, (fast breathing) was challenging in workplace settings due to its intensity. Two yoga-based philosophical concepts: 1) Happiness analysis () and 2) Analysis of the self () satisfied the content validation criteria to be included in BYPP program.
Y-BLISS module including single session of BYPP was found to be a feasible and safe adjunctive tool for smoking cessation programs. These findings support further evaluation in randomized controlled trials to assess its efficacy and potential as part of integrative approaches toward management of tobacco use disorder. This could impact public health primary care if scaled up with high coverage.
本研究旨在开发并验证与瑜伽呼吸相关的戒烟干预方法（Y-BLISS），这是一种新颖、可扩展且具有成本效益的基于瑜伽的模块，作为标准护理的补充用于戒烟。
来自瑜伽、精神病学和临床心理学背景的30名专家，使用内容效度比（CVR）评估了一系列瑜伽练习和基于瑜伽哲学的简短心理治疗（BYPP）概念在戒烟方面的潜在疗效，临界值为0.4。最终的干预模块包括10项内容（8种练习和2种心理治疗概念）。该模块在两个月内对26名参与者（25名男性）进行了测试，这些参与者根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第5版被诊断为烟草使用障碍，并参加了戒烟项目，法格斯特龙尼古丁依赖量表（FTND）得分在6分及以上。参与者参加了15 - 25次课程（包括一次BYPP课程），并就安全性、可行性和临床结果提供了反馈。
16名受试者在8周时提供了后续数据。该模块获得了较高的安全评分（9 - 10分），且无不良反应。分析显示，从基线到第4周和第8周，FTND得分显著降低，F(2,14) = 13.93；P < 0.01。在练习Y-BLISS模块8周后，呼气峰值流速也有显著改善，F(2,14) = 20.39；P < 0.01。在这些练习中，交替鼻孔呼吸、圣光调息法和放松技巧特别受欢迎。然而，快速呼吸因其强度在工作场所环境中具有挑战性。两个基于瑜伽的哲学概念：1）幸福分析和2）自我分析满足了纳入BYPP项目的内容效度标准。
包括单次BYPP课程的Y-BLISS模块被发现是戒烟项目中一种可行且安全的辅助工具。这些发现支持在随机对照试验中进行进一步评估，以评估其作为综合治疗烟草使用障碍方法一部分的疗效和潜力。如果能以高覆盖率扩大规模，这可能会对公共卫生初级保健产生影响。
